Cash Transfers and Temptation Goods: A Review of Global Evidence
Cash Transfers and Temptation Goods: A Review of Global Evidence
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DOI：
10.1596/1813-9450-6886
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发表时间：
2014-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
David K. Evans;Anna Popova
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
David K. Evans;Anna Popova
事实证明，现金转移支付可以改善教育和保健成果，并在各种情况下减轻贫困。然而，政策制定者和其他人经常表示担心，贫困家庭将利用转移支付购买酒类、烟草或其他“诱惑商品”。如果酒精和烟草是正常商品，转移支付的收入效应将增加支出，但这可能被其他效应抵消，包括替代效应、关于适当使用转移支付的社会信息的效应，以及家庭内部议价动态变化的效应。净效应是模糊的。本文回顾了19项关于现金转移对诱惑商品影响的定量证据研究，以及11项调查报告他们使用现金转移购买诱惑商品的受访者数量的研究。研究几乎无一例外地发现，转移对诱惑商品要么没有显著影响，要么有显著的负面影响。在仅有的（两项，非实验性的）具有积极显著影响的研究中，影响幅度很小。这一结果得到了拉丁美洲、非洲和亚洲数据的支持。因此，从各种情况进行的越来越多的研究表明，对使用现金转移支付烟酒消费的担忧是没有根据的。
Cash transfers have been demonstrated to improve education and health outcomes and alleviate poverty in various contexts. However, policy makers and others often express concern that poor households will use transfers to buy alcohol, tobacco, or other"temptation goods."The income effect of transfers will increase expenditures if alcohol and tobacco are normal goods, but this may be offset by other effects, including the substitution effect, the effect of social messaging about the appropriate use of transfers, and the effect of shifting dynamics in intra-household bargaining. The net effect is ambiguous. This paper reviews 19 studies with quantitative evidence on the impact of cash transfers on temptation goods, as well as 11 studies that surveyed the number of respondents who reported they used transfers for temptation goods. Almost without exception, studies find either no significant impact or a significant negative impact of transfers on temptation goods. In the only (two, non-experimental) studies with positive significant impacts, the magnitude is small. This result is supported by data from Latin America, Africa, and Asia. A growing number of studies from a range of contexts therefore indicate that concerns about the use of cash transfers for alcohol and tobacco consumption are unfounded.