Disentangling the relative effects of bushmeat availability on human nutrition in central Africa
Disentangling the relative effects of bushmeat availability on human nutrition in central Africa
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DOI：
10.1038/srep08168
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发表时间：
2015-02-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Nasi, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fa, John E.;Olivero, Jesus;Nasi, Robert
我们研究了非洲中部雨林生物带内人类营养不良与野生肉类供应之间的联系。我们区分出两种不同的狩猎哺乳动物多样性分布，一种是在热带雨林地区（Deep rainforest diversity， DRD），包含较低狩猎可持续性的类群，另一种是在北部热带雨林-稀树草原嵌合地区（Marginal rainforest diversity， MRD），具有较大的狩猎潜力。通过直立作物哺乳动物生物量评估的野肉可得性，MRD地区比DRD地区更大。预测丛林肉提取在MRD地区也较高。尽管如此，儿童发育迟缓（人类营养不良的衡量标准）在MRD地区更为严重。结构方程模型发现，在MRD地区，哺乳动物多样性与城市地区有所下降，但接近这些地区对较高的发育迟缓发生率有积极影响。在DRD地区，偏远和远离密集的人类住区和基础设施是发育不良水平较低的原因。此外，远离保护区的儿童发育迟缓率更高。我们的结果表明，在MRD地区，森林野生动物合理利用以获得更好的人类营养是可能的。相比之下，DRD地区相对较少的人口目前为继续保护更脆弱的哺乳动物提供了充足的机会，并允许满足当地人口的饮食需求。
We studied links between human malnutrition and wild meat availability within the Rainforest Biotic Zone in central Africa. We distinguished two distinct hunted mammalian diversity distributions, one in the rainforest areas (Deep Rainforest Diversity, DRD) containing taxa of lower hunting sustainability, the other in the northern rainforest-savanna mosaic, with species of greater hunting potential (Marginal Rainforest Diversity, MRD). Wild meat availability, assessed by standing crop mammalian biomass, was greater in MRD than in DRD areas. Predicted bushmeat extraction was also higher in MRD areas. Despite this, stunting of children, a measure of human malnutrition, was greater in MRD areas. Structural equation modeling identified that, in MRD areas, mammal diversity fell away from urban areas, but proximity to these positively influenced higher stunting incidence. In DRD areas, remoteness and distance from dense human settlements and infrastructures explained lower stunting levels. Moreover, stunting was higher away from protected areas. Our results suggest that in MRD areas, forest wildlife rational use for better human nutrition is possible. By contrast, the relatively low human populations in DRD areas currently offer abundant opportunities for the continued protection of more vulnerable mammals and allow dietary needs of local populations to be met.