Relationships of hydrology and life-history strategies on the spatio-temporal habitat utilisation of fish in European temperate river floodplains
Relationships of hydrology and life-history strategies on the spatio-temporal habitat utilisation of fish in European temperate river floodplains
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.01.009
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发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
A. Scharbert;J. Borcherding
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Scharbert;J. Borcherding
泛滥平原的泛滥被认为对低地河流中鱼类的补充至关重要，因为它既为年轻的鱼类（YOY）提供了合适的产卵区和繁殖栖息地，也为那些表现出不同生活史策略的物种提供了支持，以便不同地适应长期的排放模式。本文采用电钓法（点丰度采样，总n=42,701点）对莱茵河下游漫滩上38个水体的鱼类群落进行了为期4年的采样，这些水体代表了不同的长期淹没频率和不同的季节性淹没影响，以确定漫滩栖息地利用的时空格局。对于18种（总捕鱼量：n=107,150），通常发生在欧洲低地河流中，代表不同的生态行会，发现对季节性淹没的不同反应。大多数与周期性策略密切相关的物种（如Abramis brama， Aspius Aspius, Blicca bjoerkna）的yy在经常被淹没的水体中非常丰富，前提是这些物种在春季和初夏受到淹没，并且与产卵所需的温度一致。然而，当在这段时间内没有发生洪水时，这些物种的招募受到损害或失败，尽管成年物种存在。相比之下，大多数与机会主义策略相关的物种（例如，在这一时间段内，在未受洪水影响的水体中，虾蛄（Gasterosteus aculeatus）、parva伪虾蛄（Pseudorasbora parva）、Leucaspius delineatus）的招募量最高，这对这些主要的小型物种产生了不利影响。yy鱼类（大多数嗜流物种和eurytopics）的洪泛区栖息地的时空利用被认为与大小有关，因为大多数快速增长的周期性战略家最迟在冬季以给定的连通性离开洪泛区，然后在随后的一年缺席。较小的YOY鱼和所有机会性物种要么留在更孤立的水体中，要么在广泛的冬季洪水期间在一定程度上从那里分散到洪泛区。这些发现表明了对大型河流系统的长期水文曲线的适应，与洪水相关的招募模式主要发生在周期性策略中，而低流量招募策略主要发生在机会主义策略和嗜食物种中。本研究的结果指出了水文横向洪泛平原梯度的重要性，它提供了不同的群落和种群维持不同的生活史策略，证明了洪泛平原内的鱼类群落是水文条件的指标。
Floodplain inundation is considered as crucial for the recruitment of fish in lowland rivers, by either providing suitable spawning areas as well as breeding habitats for young-of-the-year fish (YOY), as well as for supporting species that exhibit different life history-strategies in order to be differently adapted to long term discharge patterns. Fish communities in a set of 38 waterbodies on the Lower Rhine floodplain, representing different long-term frequencies of inundation and differently affected by seasonal inundations, were sampled by means of electro fishing (point abundance sampling, total n=42,701 points) over a four-year period in order to identify species-specific and life-history strategy related patterns of spatio-temporal floodplain habitat utilisation. For 18 species (total catch: n=107,150), typically occurring in European lowland rivers and representing different ecological guilds, different responses towards seasonal inundations were found. YOY of most species closely associated to the periodic strategy (e.g., Abramis brama, Aspius aspius, Blicca bjoerkna) were highly abundant in frequently inundated waterbodies, provided these were subject to inundations occurring in spring and early summer and coincided with temperatures required for spawning. However, recruitment in these species was impaired or failed when no inundations in this time frame occurred, although adults were present. In contrast, most species associated to the opportunistic strategy (e.g., Gasterosteus aculeatus, Pseudorasbora parva, Leucaspius delineatus) had highest recruitment in waterbodies unaffected by inundations in this time frame, which had detrimental effects on these predominantly small sized species. Spatio-temporal floodplain habitat utilisation of YOY fish (most rheophilic species as well as eurytopics) is suggested to be size-related, since most fast growing periodic strategists left the floodplain at given connectivity at latest in winter and were then absent in the subsequent year. Smaller YOY fishes and all opportunistic species either remained in more isolated waterbodies, or dispersed from there across the floodplain to some degree during extensive winter floods. These findings suggest adaptations to the long-term hydrograph of large river systems, with flood-related recruitment patterns predominantly occurring in periodic strategists and low-flow recruitment strategies in opportunistic strategists and stagnophilic species. The results of this study point to the significance of hydrological transversal floodplain gradients that provide diverse communities and population maintenance of different life-history strategies, evidencing that fish communities within the floodplain act as indicators for the hydrological conditions.