Anti-vaccine movements - health care, ignorance or a diversion aimed at destabilizing the health situation? Part 2. Contemporary conditions for the functioning and development of anti-vaccination movements
Anti-vaccine movements - health care, ignorance or a diversion aimed at destabilizing the health situation? Part 2. Contemporary conditions for the functioning and development of anti-vaccination movements
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DOI：
10.26444/aaem/126014
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Panasiuk, Lech
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kollataj, Barbara Maria;Kollataj, Witold Piotr;Panasiuk, Lech
导言。接种疫苗是科学上接受的与传染病作斗争的一种方式。由于其流行病学意义，疫苗接种在许多国家被认为是强制性的，逃避接种会受到惩罚。世卫组织专家将反疫苗的态度和动向列为对人类健康的十大威胁之一。大多数人的拒绝主要是因为担心反疫苗宣传。了解这一现象是改善波兰疫情的基础。材料和方法。这项研究基于对存储在科学数据库中的数据的分析，以及从谷歌、必应和雅虎以及报纸、杂志和意见形成网站获得的信息。反疫苗运动的发生有不同的动机，如无知、恐惧和宗教信仰。有时，他们可以得到旨在破坏全球选定地区稳定的外国服务的支持。除其他外，由于所谓的第二代互联网(Web2)的发展，反疫苗运动增加了活动和有效的宣传，使信息的自由和难以控制流动成为可能。越来越多的数据表明，反疫苗运动的活动可能是一种有组织的行动(在网络空间中转移)，旨在破坏某些国家和地区的社会、流行病和经济稳定。目前使用的各种形式的反疫苗运动包括提高认识活动和通过监测信息流动来限制互联网上的自由，屏蔽与反疫苗宣传有关的选定短语或关键字的材料，以及对不接种疫苗的人实施制裁。
Introduction. Vaccinations are a way accepted by science of the struggle against infectious diseases. Because of their epidemiological significance, vaccinations are considered compulsory in many countries and their evasion is penalized. The WHO experts list anti-vaccine attitudes and movements among the top 10 threats to human health. Most people's refusals are mainly due to fears of anti-vaccine propaganda. Understanding this phenomenon will be the basis for improving the epidemiological situation in Poland.Materials and method. The study is based on the analysis of data stored in scientific databases, as well as information obtained from Google, Bing and Yahoo and newspapers, magazines and opinion-forming websites.Results. The anti-vaccine movements occur due different motivations, such as ignorance, fear and religious beliefs. Sometimes they can be supported by foreign services aimed at destabilization in selected areas of the globe.Conclusions. Increased activity and effective propaganda carried out by anti-vaccination movements is possible, among others, thanks to the development of the so-called 2nd generation of the Internet (Web2), enabling the free and difficult to control flow of information. Increasing data indicate that the activity of anti-vaccine movements may be a form of organized action (diversion in cyberspace) aimed at social, epidemiological, and economic destabilization of selected countries and regions.Among the various forms of combating anti-vaccination movements currently used are awareness-raising activities and restrictions on freedom on the Internet by monitoring information flow, blocking materials containing selected phrases or keywords associated with anti-vaccine propaganda, and sanctions imposed on people avoiding vaccination.