Effects of pH and Electron Donors on Nitrate and Nitrite Reduction in Ruminal Microbiota
Effects of pH and Electron Donors on Nitrate and Nitrite Reduction in Ruminal Microbiota
复制标题
pH 值和电子供体对瘤胃微生物群硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原的影响
DOI：
10.2508/chikusan.72.117
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Hino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miwa Iwamoto;N. Asanuma;T. Hino
研究了影响瘤胃内硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原的因素。硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的减少，从山羊瘤胃收获的混合微生物的增加喂养高粗饲料，其中含有更高的硝酸盐比浓缩。硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶的活动，每细菌质量出现增加喂养高硝酸盐饮食，这表明这些酶是由底物诱导。硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐还原被证实是最快的中性pH值和电子供应的影响。电子供体甲酸、H2和乳酸的添加促进了硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的还原，尤其是亚硝酸盐的还原，从而降低了亚硝酸盐的积累。结果表明，在硝酸盐存在下，添加甲酸盐或乳酸盐可缓解亚硝酸盐对发酵的抑制作用，并大大降低产甲烷量。
Factors affecting nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen were examined. Nitrate and nitrite reduction by mixed microbes harvested from the goat rumen was increased by feeding a high-roughage diet, which contained a much higher amount of nitrate than concentrate. The activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase per bacterial mass appeared to be increased by feeding a high-nitrate diet, suggesting that these enzymes are induced by substrates. Nitrate and nitrite reduction was confirmed to be the fastest at neutral pH and affected by electron supply. The supplementation of electron donors, such as formate, H2, and lactate, stimulated nitrate and nitrite reduction, especially nitrite reduction, which decreased nitrite accumulation. As a result, addition of formate or lactate in the presence of nitrate alleviated the inhibitory effect of nitrite on fermentation, and greatly reduced methanogenesis.