Transferring from the poor to the rich: Examining regressive redistribution in Chinese social insurance programmes
Transferring from the poor to the rich: Examining regressive redistribution in Chinese social insurance programmes
复制标题
从穷人到富人的转移：审视中国社会保险计划中的累退性再分配
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yunong Huang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Junqiang Liu;Kai Liu;Yunong Huang
刘健，刘凯，黄勇。从贫困向富裕转移：中国社会保险制度的递减再分配研究。社会保险通过风险分担和交叉补贴促进累进再分配。然而，在中国，风险和保护是不匹配的，特权阶层获得利益和保护，而高风险群体却得不到充分保护。本文研究了中国养老保险、医疗保险和失业保险制度中累退性再分配的来源，并讨论了这种再分配悖论的可能原因。它认为，政府对不同的社会经济群体采取了不同的福利改革战略。对于核心群体，如公务员，改革的特点是用新方案取代旧方案（即替代战略）。对于边缘群体，政府已将其责任移交给个人和市场（一种紧缩策略）。这种福利改革的政治等级制度是导致分配结果扭曲的原因。随着社会政策项目在发展中国家的不断推广，中国的案例表明，它们可能会加剧现有的差距，而不是实现渐进式再分配、风险管理和社会包容。
Liu J., Liu K., Huang Y. Transferring from the poor to the rich: Examining regressive redistribution in Chinese social insurance programmes Social insurance promotes progressive redistribution through risk pooling and cross-subsidy. However, in China, risks and protection are mismatched, with benefits and protection accruing to the privileged while high-risk groups are inadequately protected. This article reports on a study of the sources of regressive redistribution in Chinese pension, health and unemployment insurance programmes, and discusses the possible cause of this redistribution paradox. It argues that the government has adopted different strategies for welfare reform towards different socioeconomic groups. For the core groups, such as public employees, reform has been characterised by replacing old programmes with new (i.e., a replacement strategy). For marginal groups, the government has handed off its responsibilities to individuals and the market (a retrenchment strategy). This political pecking order of welfare reform is the cause of distorted distributional outcomes. As social policy programmes continue to spread in developing countries, China’s case illustrates that they may reinforce existing disparities rather than realise progressive redistribution, risk management and social inclusion.