A screening framework for pesticide substitution in agriculture
A screening framework for pesticide substitution in agriculture
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.266
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发表时间：
2018-08-10
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Fantke, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Steingrimsdottir, Maria Magnea;Petersen, Annette;Fantke, Peter
农民缺乏基于科学的工具来灵活、快速地识别更可持续的杀虫剂。为了弥补这一差距，我们提出了一个筛选水平的替代框架，使用一套一致的指标对农药进行比较和排名，这些指标包括注册、抗虫性、人类毒性和水生生态毒性影响潜力以及市场价格。与毒性相关的损害成本和应用成本与应用剂量相结合，得出每种农药的总成本。我们在丹麦生菜上应用农药的案例研究中应用并测试了我们的框架。我们的结果表明，通过对每个目标类别(例如杀菌剂)中的农药进行排序，可以根据我们的一套指标来确定最合适的农药。例如，在杀虫剂方案中，吡灭津表现最好，总成本为23(原文如此)/公顷，而同样在欧盟候选替代名单上的乐果和抗虫威表现最差。考虑的杀虫剂的总成本从23到302(原文如此)/公顷不等。我们的框架是农民和其他利益攸关方确定可持续农药的业务起点，并强调(A)需要考虑影响农药排名的各种相关方面，以及(B)将每单位农药的总成本效益与每公顷各自的用量结合起来的重要性，因为两者可能有很大不同。未来的研究应侧重于考虑更多的指标(例如，陆地生态毒性)，增加与抗药性有关的数据，并减少主要与排放和毒性影响估计有关的不确定性。(C)2018爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Farmers lack science-based tools to flexibly and rapidly identify more sustainable pesticides. To address this gap, we present a screening-level substitution framework to compare and rank pesticides using a consistent set of indicators including registration, pest resistance, human toxicity and aquatic ecotoxicity impact potentials, and market price. Toxicity-related damage costs and application costs were combined with application dosages to yield total costs per pesticide. We applied and tested our framework in a case study on pesticides applied to lettuce in Denmark. Our results indicate that by ranking pesticides within each target class (e.g. fungicides) the most suitable pesticide can be identified based on our set of indicators. As an example, in the insecticide scenario, pymetrozine performs best with total costs of 23 (sic)/ha, while dimethoate and pirimicarb, which are also on the EU candidate substitution list, performed worst. Total costs across considered pesticides range from 23 to 302 (sic)/ha. Our framework constitutes an operational starting point for identifying sustainable pesticides by farmers and other stakeholders and highlights (a) the need to consider various relevant aspects influencing the ranking of pesticides and (b) the importance of combining total cost performance per pesticide unit applied with respective application dosage per hectare as both may vary greatly. Future research should focus on considering additional indicators (e.g. terrestrial ecotoxicity), increasing resistance-related data, and reducing uncertainty that is mainly related to emission and toxicity impact estimates. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.