Global warming and environmental benefits of hydroelectric for sustainable energy in Turkey
Global warming and environmental benefits of hydroelectric for sustainable energy in Turkey
复制标题
全球变暖和土耳其可持续能源水力发电的环境效益
DOI：
10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.028
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Yuksel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Yuksel
在过去的二十年里，水力发电的技术、经济和环境效益使其成为未来世界能源组合的重要组成部分，特别是在发展中国家。土耳其的总水力发电潜力为433 GWh/年，但土耳其的总水力发电潜力中只有125 GWh/年可以经济地使用。通过正在建设的新水电站的投产，该国36%的经济可用潜力将得到利用。土耳其经济上可用的小水电总潜力为3.75GWh/年。预计到2020年，土耳其的电力需求将达到5800亿千瓦时。土耳其严重依赖昂贵的进口能源，这给经济带来了沉重的负担，空气污染正在成为该国的一个重大环境问题。在这方面，可再生能源似乎是土耳其清洁和可持续能源发展的最有效和最有效的解决方案之一。由于发展中国家经济和人口迅速增长，发展中国家作为主要排放国，环境友好型能源的开发对这些国家有着巨大的影响。本文提出了一些可能的选择方案，认为只有在政策支持和针对性强、标准和激励措施现实而灵活、公众积极应对环境退化的情况下，才能实现减排。土耳其与能源有关的碳排放量的高增长率预计将加快，排放量将从2000年的5 700万吨增加到2020年的近2.1亿吨。土耳其的碳强度高于西方发达国家的平均水平。在这方面，可再生能源似乎是土耳其清洁和可持续能源发展的最有效和最有效的解决方案之一。本文论述了土耳其可持续环境的可再生能源。
Over the last two decades; technical, economic and environmental benefits of hydroelectric power make it an important contributor to the future world energy mix, particularly in the developing countries. Turkey has a total gross hydropower potential of 433GWh/yr, but only 125GWh/yr of the total hydroelectric potential of Turkey can be economically used. By the commissioning of new hydropower plants, which are under construction, 36% of the economically usable potential of the country would be tapped. Turkey's total economically usable small hydropower potential is 3.75GWh/yr. It is expected that the demand for electric energy in Turkey will be about 580 billion kWh by the year 2020. Turkey is heavily dependent on expensive imported energy sources that place a big burden on the economy and air pollution is becoming a great environmental concern in the country. In this regard, renewable energy resources appear to be the one of the most efficient and effective solutions for clean and sustainable energy development in Turkey. Environmentally friendly energy development has enormous implications for developing countries as major emitters due to their rapid economic and population growth. With some possible options, the paper concludes that the reduction of emissions can only be achieved when policies are supportive and well targeted, standards and incentives are realistic and flexible, and the public is actively responsive to environmental degradation. Turkey's high rate of energy-related carbon emissions growth is expected to accelerate, with emissions climbing from 57 million tons in 2000 to almost 210 million tons in 2020. Carbon intensity in Turkey is higher than the western developed nation average. In this regard, renewable energy resources appear to be one of the most efficient and effective solutions for clean and sustainable energy development in Turkey. This paper deals with Turkey's renewables energy sources for sustainable environment.