EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS IN THE COEVOLUTION OF PARASITES AND HOSTS
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS IN THE COEVOLUTION OF PARASITES AND HOSTS
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1983.0075
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
ANDERSON, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MAY, RM;ANDERSON, RM
最近的研究表明，寄生虫（广义地解释为包括病毒、细菌、原生动物和蠕虫）可能影响其宿主[植物和动物]种群的数量大小或地理分布；大多数此类研究集中在宿主-寄生虫关联的种群生物学和流行病学上，没有明确考虑遗传学。其他研究人员探索了宿主和寄生虫的共同进化可能是自然种群中发现的遗传多样性的主要原因，甚至可能是有性繁殖的主要原因；这种遗传研究很少准确地考虑到与寄生虫感染的传播和维持有关的密度和频率依赖效应。流行病学和遗传学相结合，回顾了早期研究适应更广泛方案的方式，并提供了一些关于宿主-寄生虫共同进化的新想法。一个中心结论是，成功的寄生虫不一定进化成无害的：理论和一些经验证据（特别是来自粘液瘤-兔子系统）表明，许多共同进化途径是可能的，这取决于寄生虫或病原体的毒力和传播性之间的关系。
Recent studies suggest that parasites (interpreted broadly to include viruses, bacteria, protozoans and helminths) may influence the numerical magnitude or geographical distribution of their host [plant and animal] populations; most such studies focus on the population biology and epidemiology of the host-parasite association, taking no explicit account of the genetics. Other researchers have explored the possibility that the coevolution of hosts and parasites may be responsible for much of the genetic diversity found in natural populations, and may even be the main reason for sexual reproduction; such genetic studies rarely take accurate account of the density- and frequency-dependent effects associated with the transmission and maintenance of parasitic infections. Epidemiology and genetics are combined, reviewing the way in which earlier studies fit into a wider scheme and offering some new ideas about host-parasite coevolution. One central conclusion is that successful parasites need not necessarily evolve to be harmless: both theory and some empirical evidence (particularly from the myxoma-rabbit system) indicate that many coevolutionary paths are possible, depending on the relation between virulence and transmissibility of the parasite or pathogen.