CT of epithelial ovarian tumors
CT of epithelial ovarian tumors
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DOI：
10.1148/radiographics.19.suppl_1.g99oc10s85
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Fishman, EK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawamoto, S;Urban, BA;Fishman, EK
卵巢癌是美国第二大常见的妇科恶性肿瘤，比女性生殖系统的任何其他癌症造成更多的死亡。大约三分之二的患者在诊断时肿瘤已经扩散到骨盆之外。卵巢肿瘤起源于上皮细胞或间皮细胞、生殖细胞或性腺间质。上皮性卵巢肿瘤包括浆液性、粘液性、类浆液性、透明细胞和未分化肿瘤。一般来说，恶性肿瘤的可能性随着实体组织成分的增加和隔膜的增厚而增加。手术是卵巢癌治疗的核心。在最初的剖腹探查术，病理分期和肿瘤的减积进行。晚期癌症患者经常在化疗后接受二次手术，以检测任何残留疾病。CT可以为术前计划和确定手术可切除性提供分期信息，显示肿瘤对治疗的反应，并允许检测持续或复发的疾病。然而，CT的一个主要局限性是缺乏检测小肿瘤植入物的灵敏度，特别是在小肠或肠系膜上。骨盆的专用CT最好用螺旋CT进行。卵巢癌可通过腹腔种植、淋巴管浸润和血行播散等途径扩散。
Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States and causes more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system. Approximately two-thirds of patients have tumors that have spread beyond the pelvis at the time of diagnosis. Ovarian tumors arise from the surface epithelium or mesothelium, germ cells, or the gonadal stroma. Epithelial ovarian tumors include serous, mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, and undifferentiated tumors. In general, the likelihood of malignancy increases with increasing solid-tissue elements and thicker septa. Surgery is central to the management of ovarian cancer. At the initial exploratory laparotomy, surgicopathologic staging and debulking of the tumor are undertaken. Patients with advanced cancer frequently undergo second-look surgery after chemotherapy to detect any residual disease. CT can provide staging information for preoperative planning and determination of surgical resectability, demonstrate tumor response to therapy, and allow detection of persistent or recurrent disease. However, a major limitation of CT is the lack of sensitivity for detection of small tumor implants, especially on the small intestine or mesentery. Dedicated CT of the pelvis is best performed with spiral CT. Ovarian carcinoma can spread by means of intraperitoneal implantation, lymphatic invasion, and hematogenous dissemination.