Catalytic hydrogen atom transfer to alkenes: a roadmap for metal hydrides and radicals.

Catalytic hydrogen atom transfer to alkenes: a roadmap for metal hydrides and radicals.
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DOI:
10.1039/d0sc04112b
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发表时间:
2020-12-14
期刊:
影响因子:
8.4
通讯作者:
Shenvi RA
Shenvi RA
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shevick SL;Wilson CV;Kotesova S;Kim D;Holland PL;Shenvi RA

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氢原子从金属间化合物转移到烯烃上是广泛使用的催化方法的基础,其机理意义是迷人的。从金属氢化物转移氢原子(MHAT)已经成为一种强大的,但令人困惑的化学合成技术。在催化MHAT反应中,地球丰富的金属配合物从各种取代模式的烯烃产生稳定和不稳定的碳中心自由基,具有强大的化学选择性。这一观点结合了有机和无机的观点,概述了挑战和机遇,并提出了工作模式,以协助进一步的发展。我们试图揭开神秘的假定的中间体,基本的基本步骤,和充满活力的影响,特别是笼对的形成,崩溃和分离。具有强场(SF)和弱场(WF)配体环境的催化剂之间的区别可以解释反应性和选择性的一些差异,并提供超越典型热力学分析的动力学的组织原理。这个蓝图应该帮助那些希望进入和扩展这个令人兴奋的化学领域的从业者。
Hydrogen atom transfer from metal hydrides to alkenes appears to underlie widely used catalytic methods – the mechanistic implications are fascinating. Hydrogen atom transfer from a metal hydride (MHAT) has emerged as a powerful, if puzzling, technique in chemical synthesis. In catalytic MHAT reactions, earth-abundant metal complexes generate stabilized and unstabilized carbon-centered radicals from alkenes of various substitution patterns with robust chemoselectivity. This perspective combines organic and inorganic perspectives to outline challenges and opportunities, and to propose working models to assist further developments. We attempt to demystify the putative intermediates, the basic elementary steps, and the energetic implications, especially for cage pair formation, collapse and separation. Distinctions between catalysts with strong-field (SF) and weak-field (WF) ligand environments may explain some differences in reactivity and selectivity, and provide an organizing principle for kinetics that transcends the typical thermodynamic analysis. This blueprint should aid practitioners who hope to enter and expand this exciting area of chemistry.
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