Trait relationships of fungal decomposers in response to drought using a dual field and laboratory approach
Trait relationships of fungal decomposers in response to drought using a dual field and laboratory approach
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DOI：
10.1002/ecs2.4063
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
C. Alster;S. Allison;K. Treseder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Alster;S. Allison;K. Treseder
分解真菌在陆地生态系统动力学中起着重要作用。在美国西南部，气候变化正在导致更频繁和严重的干旱，这可能会改变真菌群落的组成和活动。调查真菌性状之间的关系可能会提高真菌对干旱的反应的预测。在这个双重的现场和实验室实验中，我们研究了与干旱相关的性状之间是否发生了权衡。具体来说，我们测试的假设，真菌分类到专门的生长产量，资源获取和干旱胁迫耐受性（“YAS”框架）的生活方式。在田间试验中，我们构建了微生物“笼子”，其中包含灭菌的枯枝落叶和10种真菌菌株中的1种。将这些笼子放置在加利福尼亚州南部草原的长期干旱和对照地块中6个月和12个月。我们测量了真菌菌丝长度每单位凋落物质量损失的生长产量，潜在的活动，四种胞外酶的资源收购，并在干旱与对照地块的耐旱性生长的能力。我们将这些结果与用相同的真菌分离株构建的实验室微观实验进行了比较，并测量了相同的真菌性状。田间试验证实了我们的实验室结果，因为在生长产量和资源获取性状之间没有观察到权衡。然而，与实验室实验相反，耐旱性与胞外酶活性和田间生长产量呈负相关，这意味着一种权衡。尽管在田间观察到这种权衡，但生长产量并未受到干旱的阻碍。我们提出了一个修改的YAS框架，结合生长产量和资源获取的生活方式，这可能是更适合这个干旱的系统。这种联合实验室和现场方法将微生物生态学的理论框架结合起来，提高了对真菌群落对气候变化反应的理解。
Decomposer fungi play a fundamental role in terrestrial ecosystem dynamics. In the southwestern United States, climate change is causing more frequent and severe droughts, which may alter fungal community composition and activity. Investigating relationships between fungal traits may improve the prediction of fungal responses to drought. In this dual field and laboratory experiment, we examine whether trade‐offs occur between traits associated with drought. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that fungi sort into lifestyles specializing in growthyield, resourceacquisition, and droughtstress tolerance (“YAS” framework). For the field experiment, we constructed microbial “cages” containing sterilized litter and 1 of 10 fungal isolates. These cages were placed in long‐term drought and control plots in a southern Californian grassland for 6 and 12 months. We measured fungal hyphal length per unit litter mass loss for growth yield, the potential activities of four extracellular enzymes for resource acquisition, and the ability to grow in the drought versus control plots for drought stress tolerance. We compared these results with a laboratory microcosm experiment constructed with the same fungal isolates and that measured the same fungal traits. The field experiment corroborated our laboratory results, in that no trade‐offs were observed between growth yield and resource acquisition traits. However, in contrast to the laboratory experiment, drought tolerance was negatively related to extracellular enzyme activity and growth yield in the field, implying a trade‐off. Despite this observed trade‐off in the field, growth yield was not hindered by drought. We propose a modification to the YAS framework, by combining the growth yield and resource acquisition lifestyles, which may be more appropriate for this arid system. This joint laboratory and field approach contextualizes a theoretical framework in microbial ecology and improves understanding of fungal community response to climate change.