SIDIS-RC EvGen: A Monte-Carlo event generator of semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering with the lowest-order QED radiative corrections
SIDIS-RC EvGen: A Monte-Carlo event generator of semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering with the lowest-order QED radiative corrections
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SIDIS-RC EvGen：具有最低阶 QED 辐射校正的半包容深度非弹性散射的蒙特卡罗事件发生器
DOI：
10.1016/j.cpc.2023.108702
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Zhao, Zhiwen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byer, Duane;Khachatryan, Vladimir;Gao, Haiyan;Akushevich, Igor;Ilyichev, Alexander;Peng, Chao;Prokudin, Alexei;Srednyak, Stan;Zhao, Zhiwen
SIDIS-RC EvGen 是一个 C++ 独立蒙特卡罗事件生成器，用于研究中高轻子束能量下的半包容深度非弹性散射 (SIDIS) 过程。特别地，生成器包含用于生成SIDIS事件并计算非偏振或纵向偏振光束以及非偏振、纵向或横向偏振目标的横截面的二进制和库组件。该发生器的结构结合了横向动量相关的部分子分布和碎裂函数，从而获得多维分箱模拟结果，这将有助于从 SIDIS 测量中提取有关三维核子结构的重要信息。为了构建该软件，我们使用了最新的最低阶辐射效应的精细 QED 计算，应用于 SIDIS 中的前导玻恩截面。在本文中，我们详细介绍了 SIDIS-RC EvGen 的理论形式以及构建和操作，例如，我们如何处理事件生成过程和执行多维集成。我们还提供了方位横向单自旋不对称性的示例程序、流程图和数值结果。 程序摘要程序标题：SIDIS-RC EvGenCPC 库程序文件链接：https://doi.org/10.17632/thrkn96ydd.1许可规定：GNU 通用公共许可证版本 3 开发人员存储库链接：https://github.com/duanebyer/sidis 编程语言：C++、PythonExternal软件包：FOAM、ROOT、GSL、VEGAS、Cuature、Cog、WW-SIDIS、MSTWPDF 问题性质：任务是首先创建一个代码，用于计算主阶玻恩截面以及轻子强子半包容深度非弹性散射 (SIDIS) 截面的次主阶 (NLO) 处的辐射校正 (RC)，在中高光束能量下入射非偏振或纵向偏振轻子束和非偏振、纵向或横向偏振目标，能够计算方位角单目标和双束目标自旋不对称性。随后，基于该代码开发了蒙特卡洛事件生成器，在编码和仿真过程中需要精确计算多维积分，以超出超相对论极限的高精度获得SIDIS截面的精确NLO RC，这意味着将轻子质量考虑在内。解决方法：将构建SIDIS-RC EvGen软件的项目分为一个名为libsidis的库组件，用于计算SIDIS的非弹性尾部总横截面，以及一个称为 sidisgen 的二进制组件，用于生成事件。蒙特卡洛事件生成是通过使用 FOAM 库，应用超立方“细胞泡沫”的空间分区方法来执行的。多维数值积分由 GSL、VEGAS 和 Cubature 软件包执行。描述 SIDIS 散射过程的 SIDIS 结构函数，以横向动量相关部分子分布和碎片函数的形式给出，以高斯和 Wandzura-Wilczek 型近似计算，并相应地在生成器中实现。包括限制和异常特征在内的附加注释：限制取决于问题的复杂性，受 CPU 时间的限制。因此，程序运行时间约为几分钟到几小时。SIDIS-RC EvGen 还不包括来自专有轻子-强子反应的辐射尾的贡献，这是一个单独的贡献……
SIDIS-RC EvGenis a C++standalone Monte-Carlo event generator for studies of semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) processes at medium to high lepton beam energies. In particular, the generator contains binary and library components for generating SIDIS events and calculating cross sections for unpolarized or longitudinally polarized beam and unpolarized, longitudinally or transversely polarized target. The structure of the generator incorporates transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution and fragmentation functions, whereby we obtain multi-dimensional binned simulation results, which will facilitate the extraction of important information about the three-dimensional nucleon structure from SIDIS measurements. In order to build this software, we have used recent elaborate QED calculations of the lowest-order radiative effects, applied to the leading order Born cross section in SIDIS. In this paper, we provide details on the theoretical formalism as well as the construction and operation ofSIDIS-RC EvGen, e.g., how we handle the event generation process and perform multi-dimensional integration. We also provide example programs, flowcharts, and numerical results on azimuthal transverse single-spin asymmetries.Program summaryProgram title:SIDIS-RC EvGenCPC Library link to program files:https://doi.org/10.17632/thrkn96ydd.1Licensing provisions:GNU General Public License Version 3Developer's repository link:https://github.com/duanebyer/sidisProgramming language:C++, PythonExternal packages:FOAM, ROOT, GSL, VEGAS, Cubature, Cog, WW-SIDIS, MSTWPDFNature of problem:The task is to first create a code for calculations of the leading order Born cross section as well as radiative corrections (RCs) at the next-to-leading order (NLO) of the cross section of lepton-hadron semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) at medium to high beam energies with incident unpolarized or longitudinally polarized lepton beam and unpolarized, longitudinally or transversely polarized target, enabling to compute azimuthal single-target and double-beam-target spin asymmetries. Afterwards, a Monte-Carlo event generator based upon this code is developed, where in the coding and simulation processes multi-dimensional integrals need to be calculated precisely to obtain the exact NLO RCs to the SIDIS cross section with high precision beyond ultra-relativistic limit, which means that the lepton mass is taken into account.Solution method:The project for building theSIDIS-RC EvGensoftware is divided into a library component calledlibsidis, for the purpose of calculating the inelastic tail to the SIDIS total cross section, and a binary component calledsidisgen, for generating events. The Monte-Carlo event generation is performed through the usage of the FOAM library, by applying a spatial partitioning method with hyper-cubical “foam of cells”. The multi-dimensional numerical integration is carried out by the GSL, VEGAS, and Cubature packages. The SIDIS structure functions that describe the SIDIS scattering process, and which are given in terms of transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution and fragmentation functions, are calculated in Gaussian and Wandzura–Wilczek-type approximations and implemented in the generator accordingly.Additional comments including restrictions and unusual features:The restrictions depend on the complexity of problems, limited by CPU time. As a consequence, the program running time is of order of several minutes to hours.SIDIS-RC EvGendoes not comprise yet the contribution coming from the radiative tail of exclusive lepton-hadron reactions, which is a separate contribution …
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