Viral Polymerases
Viral Polymerases
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-0980-9_12
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Choi, Kyung H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Choi, Kyung H.
病毒聚合酶在病毒基因组复制和转录中发挥核心作用。根据基因组类型和特定病毒的具体需要，在各种病毒中发现了RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶、RNA依赖性DNA聚合酶、DNA依赖性RNA聚合酶和DNA依赖性RNA聚合酶。病毒聚合酶通常作为单一蛋白质具有活性，能够执行与病毒基因组合成相关的多种功能。具体来说，病毒聚合酶使用多种机制来识别初始结合位点，确保持续延伸，在基因组末端终止复制，并且还协调核酸合成的化学步骤与其他酶活性。本综述重点关注不同的病毒基因组复制和转录策略，以及完成基因组合成所必需的聚合酶与各种病毒蛋白的相互作用。
Viral polymerases play a central role in viral genome replication and transcription. Based on the genome type and the specific needs of particular virus, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and DNA-dependent RNA polymerases are found in various viruses. Viral polymerases are generally active as a single protein capable of carrying out multiple functions related to viral genome synthesis. Specifically, viral polymerases use variety of mechanisms to recognize initial binding sites, ensure processive elongation, terminate replication at the end of the genome, and also coordinate the chemical steps of nucleic acid synthesis with other enzymatic activities. This review focuses on different viral genome replication and transcription strategies, and the polymerase interactions with various viral proteins that are necessary to complete genome synthesis.