Prediction of breeding values and selection responses with genetic heterogeneity of environmental variance
Prediction of breeding values and selection responses with genetic heterogeneity of environmental variance
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.106.063743
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Hill, W. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mulder, H. A.;Bijma, P.;Hill, W. G.
有经验证据表明，基因类型不仅在平均值上不同，而且在它们所影响的性状的环境差异上也不同。环境变异的遗传异质性可能表明环境敏感性的遗传差异。本研究的目的是建立一个利用环境方差的遗传异质性来预测平均和环境方差中的育种值和选择反应的一般框架。均值和环境方差均被视为可遗传性状。对个体表型的线性、二次和三次回归，或对一组亲缘关系的平均值和家系内方差的上升线性回归，预测的育种值和选择反应几乎没有偏差。为了使文献中的结果标准化，并便于与“常规”性状进行比较，提出了一种遗传力的测量方法。环境方差的遗传异质性可视为遗传力较低的性状。虽然准确估计环境变异的繁殖值需要大量的信息，但即使是大规模选择，对环境变异的反应也可能是相当大的。开发的方法允许使用众所周知的选择指数框架来评估同时改变均值和方差的育种策略和自然选择的效果。
There is empirical evidence that genotypes differ not only in mean, but also in environmental variance of the traits they affect. Genetic heterogeneity of environmental variance may indicate genetic differences in environmental sensitivity. The aim of this study was to develop a general framework for prediction of breeding values and selection responses in mean and environmental variance with genetic heterogeneity of environmental variance. Both means and environmental variances were treated as heritable traits. Breeding values and selection responses were predicted with little bias using linear, quadratic, and cubic regression on individual phenotype or rising linear regression on the mean and within-family variance of a group of relatives. A measure of heritability was proposed for environmental variance to standardize results in the literature and to facilitate comparisons to "conventional" traits. Genetic heterogeneity of environmental variance can be considered as a trait with a low heritability. Although a large amount of information is necessary to accurately estimate breeding values for environmental variance, response in environmental variance can be substantial, even with mass selection. The methods developed allow use of the well-known selection index framework to evaluate breeding strategies and effects of natural selection that simultaneously change the mean and the variance.