REACTION-TIMES AND ATTENTION IN PARKINSONS-DISEASE
REACTION-TIMES AND ATTENTION IN PARKINSONS-DISEASE
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DOI：
10.1136/jnnp.50.9.1178
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发表时间：
1987-09-01
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
MOORE, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BLOXHAM, CA;DICK, DJ;MOORE, M
十名帕金森病患者执行了一项简单的反应时间任务，在听到声音后，他们用左手拇指按下按钮。在第一个实验中，有时会在未通知的情况下发出声音，有时会在警告信号之前（0 到 3200 毫秒之间）发出警告信号。第二个实验与第一个实验相同，只是受试者必须同时用右手执行一项简单的连续任务。在所有情况下，患者的反应速度都比对照组慢。然而，总的来说，警告信号的效果和第二项任务的效果对于两组来说是相同的。在对照组中，警告信号的效果取决于是否正在执行第二项任务。具体来说，当执行第二项任务时，在长时间间隔（< 200 ms）后，反应时间警告信号的优势就会消失。帕金森病患者即使没有执行第二项任务，也会失去这种优势。动物研究表明，多巴胺缺乏会导致基底神经节的神经“噪音”增加。这样做的行为后果可能是帕金森病患者总是表现得好像他们同时在执行另一项任务。相比之下，他们从警告信号中受益和分配注意力资源的能力并未受到损害。
Ten patients with Parkinson''s disease performed a simple reaction time task in which, on hearing a tone, they pressed a button with the left thumb. In the first experiment tones sometimes occurred unannounced and at other times were preceded (by between 0 and 3200 ms) by a warning signal. The second experiment was identical to the first except that the subject had simultaneously to perform a simple continuous task with his right hand. Patients had slower reaction times than controls under all circumstances. In general, however, the effect of a warning signal and the effect of a second task were the same for both groups. In the control group the effect of a warning signal depended on whether or not a second task was being performed. Specifically, the advantage of a warning signal for reaction time was lost after long intervals (< 200 ms) when a second task was being performed. Parkinson''s disease patients lost this advantage even when they were not performing a second task. Animal studies have suggested that dopamine deficiency results in an increase in neural "noise" in the basal ganglia. The behavioral consequences of this may be that Parkinson''s disease patients always perform as if they were carrying out another task at the same time. In contrast, their ability to benefit from a warning signal and to allocate attentional resources are unimpaired.