Indo-western Pacific ocean capacitor and coherent climate anomalies in post-ENSO summer: A review
Indo-western Pacific ocean capacitor and coherent climate anomalies in post-ENSO summer: A review
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DOI：
10.1007/s00376-015-5192-6
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
S. Xie;Y. Kosaka;Yan Du;Kaiming Hu;J. Chowdary;G. Huang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Xie;Y. Kosaka;Yan Du;Kaiming Hu;J. Chowdary;G. Huang
ENSO 在印度-西太平洋上空引发了连贯的气候异常，但这些异常比赤道太平洋的海温异常持续一个季节，对亚洲夏季风产生重大影响。这篇综述提供了主要里程碑的历史记录，并综合了了解印度-西北太平洋地区夏季变化的最新进展。具体来说，大规模的异常反气旋（AAC）是厄尔尼诺事件后夏季的一种反复出现的模式，横跨热带西北太平洋和北印度洋。关于锚定夏季 AAC 的海洋记忆，相互竞争的假设要么强调西北太平洋东信风区的海温变冷，要么强调北印度洋西风季风区的海温变暖。我们的合成揭示了一种海洋-大气耦合模式，该模式建立在两阶段演化的两种机制之上。春季，当东北贸易盛行时，AAC 和西北太平洋变冷通过风-蒸发-海温反馈耦合在一起。西北太平洋变冷持续引发夏季反馈，这种反馈是由西风季风和北印度洋变暖相互作用而产生的。这种印度洋-西太平洋电容器（IPOC）效应解释了为什么厄尔尼诺现象会在印度洋-西北太平洋季风季风上演最后一幕，并让印度洋变暖和反气候变化发挥主导作用。 IPOC 显示了 ENSO 方差周期的年代际调制，与 20 世纪之交和 20 世纪 70 年代之后的 ENSO 显着相关，但在其间则不然。还讨论了悬而未决的问题，包括未来的气候预测。
ENSO induces coherent climate anomalies over the Indo-western Pacific, but these anomalies outlast SST anomalies of the equatorial Pacific by a season, with major effects on the Asian summer monsoon. This review provides historical accounts of major milestones and synthesizes recent advances in the endeavor to understand summer variability over the Indo-Northwest Pacific region. Specifically, a large-scale anomalous anticyclone (AAC) is a recurrent pattern in post-El Nino summers, spanning the tropical Northwest Pacific and North Indian oceans. Regarding the ocean memory that anchors the summer AAC, competing hypotheses emphasize either SST cooling in the easterly trade wind regime of the Northwest Pacific or SST warming in the westerly monsoon regime of the North Indian Ocean. Our synthesis reveals a coupled ocean–atmosphere mode that builds on both mechanisms in a two-stage evolution. In spring, when the northeast trades prevail, the AAC and Northwest Pacific cooling are coupled via wind–evaporation–SST feedback. The Northwest Pacific cooling persists to trigger a summer feedback that arises from the interaction of the AAC and North Indian Ocean warming, enabled by the westerly monsoon wind regime. This Indo-western Pacific ocean capacitor (IPOC) effect explains why El Nino stages its last act over the monsoonal Indo-Northwest Pacific and casts the Indian Ocean warming and AAC in leading roles. The IPOC displays interdecadal modulations by the ENSO variance cycle, significantly correlated with ENSO at the turn of the 20th century and after the 1970s, but not in between. Outstanding issues, including future climate projections, are also discussed.