Hepatocytes as Immunological Agents.
Hepatocytes as Immunological Agents.
复制标题
DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.1501668
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Crispe IN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crispe IN
肝细胞是多种主要人类病原体的感染目标，包括乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和疟疾。然而，肝细胞本身也是免疫因子。在全身免疫中，它们在急性期反应中起核心作用，在包括缺血、身体创伤和败血症等多种应激情况下，大量防御性蛋白质涌入循环系统。它们表达多种先天性免疫受体，当受到病原体相关分子模式或损伤相关分子模式的刺激时，能够产生细胞自主性先天性免疫反应，这可能导致宿主防御，或者免疫病理。重要的人类病原体已经进化出机制来破坏这些反应。最后，肝细胞直接与T细胞相互作用，导致免疫耐受偏向。
Hepatocytes are targeted for infection by a number of major human pathogens, including Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus and malaria. However, hepatocytes are also immunological agents in their own right. In systemic immunity, they are central in the acute-phase response, which floods the circulation with defensive proteins during diverse stresses including ischemia, physical trauma and sepsis. They express a variety of innate immune receptors and when challenged with Pathogen- or Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns, can deliver cell-autonomous innate immune responses that may result in host defense, or in immunopathology. Important human pathogens have evolved mechanisms to subvert these responses. Finally, hepatocytes talk directly to T cells, resulting in a bias towards immune tolerance.