Impacts of salinization on aquatic communities: Abrupt vs. gradual exposures
Impacts of salinization on aquatic communities: Abrupt vs. gradual exposures
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117636
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发表时间：
2021-07-03
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Relyea, Rick A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delaune, Kelbi D.;Nesich, David;Relyea, Rick A.
道路盐应用导致的氯化物浓度增加对寒冷气候地区的淡水多样性构成了新的威胁。很少有研究关注道路盐如何影响淡水生物群，更少的研究关注暴露率如何改变生物体的反应。我们假设，道路盐浓度逐渐交付将导致人口下降速度较慢，更迅速的反弹，由于进化的耐受性。为了验证这一假设，我们研究了淡水湖生物的响应四个环境相关的盐浓度（100，230，860和1600毫克氯-/升），不同的应用率（突然与渐进）。我们使用室外水生围隔，浮游动物，丝状藻类，浮游植物，附着生物，和大型无脊椎动物。我们发现路盐对浮游动物和大型无脊椎动物丰度有负面影响，但对浮游植物和附着生物有积极影响，这可能是由于放牧减少造成的。我们很少发现突然与逐渐施用盐之间的差异，并且这些差异的方向并不一致。这肯定了有必要进一步研究道路盐污染如何以不同的频率和程度进入生态系统将改变淡水社区。
Increasing chloride concentrations from road salt applications are an emerging threat to freshwater diversity in cold weather regions. Few studies have focused on how road salt affects freshwater biota and even fewer have focused on how the rate of exposure alters organism responses. We hypothesized that road salt concentrations delivered gradually would result in slower population declines and more rapid rebounds due to evolved tolerance. To test this hypothesis, we examined the responses of freshwater lake organisms to four environmentally relevant salt concentrations (100, 230, 860, and 1600 mg Cl-/L) that differed in application rate (abrupt vs. gradual). We used outdoor aquatic mesocosms containing zooplankton, filamentous algae, phytoplankton, periphyton, and macroinvertebrates. We found negative effects of road salt on zooplankton and macro invertebrate abundance, but positive effects on phytoplankton and periphyton, likely resulting from reduced grazing. Only rarely did we detect a difference between abrupt vs gradual salt applications and the directions of those differences were not consistent. This affirms the need for additional research on how road salt pollution entering ecosystems at different frequencies and magnitudes will alter freshwater communities.