Beyond Wax Printing: The Future of Paper Analytical Device Fabrication
Beyond Wax Printing: The Future of Paper Analytical Device Fabrication
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.snb.2023.134059
复制
发表时间：
2023-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rachel M. Roller;M. Lieberman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rachel M. Roller;M. Lieberman
许多微流体“纸上实验室”设备已被证明可用于使用点应用，但这些设备需要可扩展的制造方法才能使其通过概念验证阶段并成为可行的商业产品。Xerox ColorQube等市售蜡打印机在成本、原型制作容易性和吞吐量之间提供了近乎理想的折衷方案，但在2016年，这些打印机停产，现在需要替代方法。在这篇评论中，我们调查目前的纸分析设备（PAD）的制造方法，通过可扩展性的透镜，专注于分辨率之间的权衡，易于原型，成本和吞吐量。讨论的类别包括手工制作，半自动化，批量，实验室为基础的，打印机为基础的，和卷到卷的制造方法。手工、批量、半自动和基于实验室的制造方法具有低产量和高动手劳动力要求的缺点。卷到卷方法是高吞吐量但成本高，而基于打印机的方法提供了成本和吞吐量之间的折衷。通过强调现有方法的比较优点，我们希望深入了解是什么使方法“可扩展”或“可制造”。
Many microfluidic “lab on paper” devices have been demonstrated for point-of-use applications, but scalable fabrication methods are necessary for these devices to make it past the proof-of-concept stage and become viable commercial products. Commercially available wax printers such as the Xerox ColorQube presented a near-ideal compromise between cost, ease of prototyping, and throughput, but in 2016, these printers were discontinued, and now, alternative methods are needed. In this review, we survey current paper analytical device (PAD) fabrication methods through the lens of scalability, focusing on the tradeoffs between resolution, ease of prototyping, cost, and throughput. Categories discussed include handmade, semi-automated, batch, laboratory-based, printer-based, and roll-to-roll fabrication methods. Hand-, batch-, semi-automated, and laboratory-based fabrication methods suffer from low throughput and high hands-on labor requirements. Roll-to-roll methods are high throughput but costly, while printer-based methods offer a compromise between cost and throughput. By highlighting the comparative merits of existing methods, we hope to offer insight into what makes a method “scalable” or “manufacturable.”