How Did Rumors on Twitter Diffuse and Change in Expression? An Investigation of the Process of Spreading Rumors on Twitter during the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake
How Did Rumors on Twitter Diffuse and Change in Expression? An Investigation of the Process of Spreading Rumors on Twitter during the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake
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Twitter上的谣言是如何传播和表达变化的？
DOI：
10.1155/2019/5103840
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hiroyuki Fujishiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morihiro Ogasahara;H. Kawashima;Hiroyuki Fujishiro
Twitter已经成为灾难期间的主要沟通渠道。twitter的特点——迅速而广泛地传播信息，允许每个用户都是信息的传递者——可以有效地解决诸如灾难等焦虑和模糊的情况下的问题；然而，推特上的虚假谣言可能是一个严重的问题。谣言研究表明，当大众媒体无法向人们提供足够的信息时（例如在灾难期间），谣言是一种集体意义制造。此外，谣言的表达在传播过程中也发生了变化。本研究调查了2011年3月东日本大地震中与Cosmo石油事件相关的18.7万条推文数据，分析了这次灾难中推特表达的变化和集体意义的形成过程。这项研究的结果表明，在分散的tweet中，集体意义的形成是罕见的，部分原因是枢纽（即在Twitter上拥有许多追随者的用户）的把关角色。灾难期间，Twitter上的谣言讨论可能更适合传播静态信息，而不是集体意义。
Twitter has been emerging as a major communication channels during disasters. The characteristics of Twitter—quickly and widely diffusing information and allowing every user to be an information transmitter—can be effective for problem solving in anxious and ambiguous situations such as disasters; however, false rumors on Twitter can be a serious problem. Rumor research has suggested that rumors are a kind of collective sense-making when mass media cannot provide people with enough information (e.g., during disasters). Furthermore, the expression of the rumor changes during the process of spreading. This study investigated the data of 187 thousand tweets related to the Cosmo Oil rumor during the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 2011 and analyzed the change in Twitter expressions and the collective sense-making process during this catastrophe. The results of this study suggest that collective sense-making is rare in diffused tweets, partly because of the gatekeeping role of hubs (i.e., users who have many followers on Twitter). Rumor discussion on Twitter during disasters might be suitable for broadcasting static information than for collective sense-making.