Impaired decision making following 49 h of sleep deprivation
Impaired decision making following 49 h of sleep deprivation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00487.x
复制
发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Wesensten, NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Killgore, WDS;Balkin, TJ;Wesensten, NJ
睡眠不足会降低前额皮质的局部大脑代谢，前额皮质是负责高级认知过程的大脑区域，包括判断和决策。因此，我们假设两个晚上的睡眠不足会损害决策质量，并导致爱荷华州赌博任务（IGT）中冒险行为的增加，IGT模拟了现实世界中不确定条件下的决策。34名健康参与者在休息基线和49.5小时睡眠剥夺后再次完成IGT。在基线时，志愿者的表现与大多数健康正常人样本相似，他们迅速学会避免高风险的套牌，并随着游戏的进行更频繁地从有利的低风险套牌中选择。然而，在睡眠不足之后，志愿者们表现出了惊人的不同模式。相对于休息的基线，睡眠不足的人倾向于更频繁地选择风险甲板随着游戏的进展，一个模式类似，虽然不太严重，比以前发表的报告，患者的腹内侧前额叶皮层病变。虽然在休息基线测试时，风险决策与参与者年龄无关，但在睡眠剥夺后测试时，年龄与IGT的有利决策呈负相关（即老年受试者做出更危险的选择）。这些发现表明，已知由腹内侧前额叶皮层介导的认知功能，包括在不确定条件下的决策，可能特别容易受到睡眠不足的影响，并且这种脆弱性可能随着年龄的增长而变得更加明显。
Sleep deprivation reduces regional cerebral metabolism within the prefrontal cortex, the brain region most responsible for higher-order cognitive processes, including judgment and decision making. Accordingly, we hypothesized that two nights of sleep loss would impair decision making quality and lead to increased risk-taking behavior on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), which mimics real-world decision making under conditions of uncertainty. Thirty-four healthy participants completed the IGT at rested baseline and again following 49.5 h of sleep deprivation. At baseline, volunteers performed in a manner similar to that seen in most samples of healthy normal individuals, rapidly learning to avoid high-risk decks and selecting more frequently from advantageous low-risk decks as the game progressed. After sleep loss, however, volunteers showed a strikingly different pattern of performance. Relative to rested baseline, sleep-deprived individuals tended to choose more frequently from risky decks as the game progressed, a pattern similar to, though less severe than, previously published reports of patients with lesions to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Although risky decision making was not related to participant age when tested at rested baseline, age was negatively correlated with advantageous decision making on the IGT, when tested following sleep deprivation (i.e. older subjects made more risky choices). These findings suggest that cognitive functions known to be mediated by the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, including decision making under conditions of uncertainty, may be particularly vulnerable to sleep loss and that this vulnerability may become more pronounced with increased age.