Cold Exposures in Relation to Dysmenorrhea among Asian and White Women.
Cold Exposures in Relation to Dysmenorrhea among Asian and White Women.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph21010056
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发表时间：
2023-12-30
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痛经非常普遍，在女性中的比例从16%到91%不等，它可能导致多种生殖疾病。然而，与痛经相关的危险因素仍未得到研究。寒冷的环境会严重干扰子宫内的血液循环和前列腺素的产生，导致痛经。本研究调查了寒冷暴露和痛经之间的关系，以及亚洲人和白人之间的潜在差异和对这些协会的潜在文化影响。这是一项横断面调查，调查对象是从美国招募的197名亚洲女性和222名非亚洲女性，其中超过40%来自加州。我们评估了过去12个月夏季和冬季的寒冷暴露，例如冷水/饮料和冰淇淋的消费频率，以及家庭和公共场所的室温。与痛经相关的冷暴露类型在亚洲和白色妇女之间是不同的。我们发现，在亚洲女性中，冬季冰淇淋消费频率较高（当比较高和低类别时，β = 1.19，p = 0.0002）与痛经相关;然而，在白色女性中，冬季冷水/饮料消费增加（当比较高和低类别时，β = 0.49，p = 0.04）也与痛经相关。在白色女性中，冬季较高的室内温度与痛经严重程度降低相关，但在亚洲女性中则无关。所有这些关联都支持我们的假设，并且在生活在冬季较冷的州的女性中更强。然而，也有一些例外。例如，在月经期间喝冷水/饮料较少的女性更有可能经历更严重的痛经。总之，这项研究提供了重要的证据来支持亚洲人和白人的寒冷暴露和痛经之间的联系。与我们的假设相矛盾的关联可能是由于亚洲文化习俗的影响。本文揭示了一个未充分研究的领域，深刻影响妇女的生活质量。
Dysmenorrhea is highly prevalent, ranging from 16% to 91% among women, and it can lead to multiple reproductive disorders. However, risk factors associated with dysmenorrhea remain unexamined. Cold exposures can significantly disturb blood circulation and prostaglandin production in the uterus, leading to dysmenorrhea. This study investigated the relationship between cold exposures and dysmenorrhea, as well as potential disparities between Asians and Whites and the potential cultural influences on these associations. This was a cross-sectional survey among 197 Asian and 222 non-Asian women recruited from the U.S., with more than 40% from California. We assessed cold exposures, such as the frequency of consumption of cold water/drinks and ice cream, as well as room temperatures at home and public places, for both summer and winter over the past 12 months. The type of cold exposure associated with dysmenorrhea differs between Asian and White women. We found that among Asian women, a higher frequency of ice cream consumption in winter (beta = 1.19, p = 0.0002 when comparing high to low categories) was associated with dysmenorrhea; however, among White women, increased consumption of cold water/drinks in winter (beta = 0.49, p = 0.04 when comparing high to low categories) was also associated with dysmenorrhea. Higher home room temperatures in winter were associated with reduced severity of dysmenorrhea among White women but not among Asian women. All these associations supported our hypothesis and were stronger among women who lived in states with colder winters. However, there are a few exceptions. For instance, women who drank cold water/drinks less frequently during their menstrual period were more likely to experience more severe dysmenorrhea. In conclusion, this study provides crucial evidence to support the link between cold exposures and dysmenorrhea among Asians and Whites. The associations contradictory to our hypothesis are likely due to reserved causation influenced by Asian cultural practice. This paper sheds light on an understudied area that profoundly affects women’s quality of life.