The Maturation Process of the Ovum of Swine during Normal and Induced Ovulations
The Maturation Process of the Ovum of Swine during Normal and Induced Ovulations
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猪正常排卵和诱导排卵期间卵子的成熟过程
DOI：
10.1093/ansci/14.3.609
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发表时间：
1955
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
John Moffit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. F. Spalding;R. O. Berry;John Moffit
摘要和结论 卵核成熟过程的初始阶段开始于发热后约 5 小时，并在排卵前进入中期 II。在排卵过程中直至受精发生，就可观察到的核变化而言，卵子是静止的。它有一个极体，卵核的染色体保留在中期 II。 早熟七彩中的颗粒细胞在成熟开始时经历径向分散或散射，排卵后，卵周围的这种凝胶状物质在输卵管的伞状末端结合形成卵栓。 处于动情周期黄体期的后备母猪经过促性腺激素处理后产生正在成熟的卵泡，处于第二成熟阶段的输卵管卵子和正在破碎的子宫卵子。在发情周期的卵泡期期间用促性腺激素处理的后备母猪产生了处于某些成熟阶段的卵泡卵子、处于第二成熟阶段的输卵管卵子（处于间期的卵子除外）和处于第二成熟阶段或破碎的子宫卵子。来自诱导排卵的卵子在成熟过程中达到了与后备母猪在发情周期的各个阶段通过单次注射 35 个单位的促性腺激素诱导后备母猪排卵，但在注射促性腺激素的任何动物中都没有发生发情。
Summary and ConclusionsThe initial stage of the maturation process of the egg nucleus begins about 5 hours after the onset of heat and proceeds to metaphase II just prior to ovulation.During the ovulatory process and until fertilization occurs, the egg is static insofar as observable nuclear changes are concerned. It has one polar body and the chromosomes of the egg nucleus remain in the metaphase II.The granulosa cells in the discus proligerus undergo a radial dispersion or scattering at the onset of maturation and just after ovulation this gelatinous material surrounding the eggs unite in the fimbriated end of the oviduct to form the egg plug.Gilts in the luteal phase of the estrous cycle treated with gonadotropins produced follicular ova that were undergoing maturation, tubal ova that were in the second maturation stage and uterine ova that were fragmenting.Gilts treated with gonadotropins during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle produced follicular ova that were in some stage of maturation, tubal ova that were in the second maturation stage (except one that was in interphase) and uterine ova that were in the second maturation stage or fragmenting.Ova from induced ovulations reached the same stage in the maturation process as those from normal ovulations, and some of these were found to be capable of fertilization when the gilts were force bred.Ovulation was induced in gilts during the various phases of the estrous cycle by a single injection of 35 AU of gonadotropin but heat did not occur in any animal injected with gonadotropin.