Structures
Structures
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DOI：
10.4324/9780203397268_chapter_a
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发表时间：
2018-10
影响因子：
0.2
通讯作者：
Emilie M. Townes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Emilie M. Townes
如何使沿海结构适应气候变化已成为一个重要的研究课题，特别是考虑到海平面上升也会增加在深度有限的波浪条件下设计的沿海结构上的波浪载荷。为确保现有沿海结构在设计时无法预见的海平面上升幅度之后继续发挥其功能，气候适应措施之一是在波浪到达现有沿海结构之前减少波浪荷载。这可以通过在现有结构前面建造一个低顶结构来实现。在两个结构之间，发生结构诱导波建立。通过波浪水槽试验研究了结构物的兴波效应。同时，还测量和分析了结构物兴波对低顶结构物处波浪传播的影响以及对露出的海岸结构物处越浪量的影响。结构物引起的波增取决于低顶结构物的干舷、波陡和渗透率。对于具有不可渗透的低峰结构的配置，这种波建立不依赖于两个结构之间的距离。经验表达式，以估计结构诱导波建立的不可渗透和可渗透的低峰结构。测量结果表明，结构波增对透射系数的影响很小，可以忽略不计。结构物引起的波浪增升增加了露出的海岸结构物处的越浪流量。在估算越浪量时，可通过减小结构物诱导波增升的干舷来考虑这种影响。
How to adapt coastal structures to climate change has become an important topic of study, particularly given the fact that sea level rise can also increase wave loading on coastal structures that were designed under depth-limited wave conditions. One of the climate adaptation measures to ensure that existing coastal structures continue to perform their function after a magnitude of sea level rise that was unforeseen at the time of design, is to reduce the wave load before the waves reach the existing coastal structure. This can be achieved by constructing a low-crested structure in front of the existing structure. Between the two structures, structure-induced wave set-up occurs. This structure-induced wave set-up has been studied based on wave flume tests. The effects of structure-induced wave set-up on wave transmission at the low-crested structures and the effects on wave overtopping at the emerged coastal structures were also measured and analyzed. The structure-induced wave set-up depends on the freeboard, wave steepness, and permeability of the low-crested structure. For configurations with impermeable low-crested structures, this wave-set-up does not depend on the distance between the two structures. Empirical expressions to estimate structure-induced wave set-up are derived for impermeable and permeable low-crested structures. The measurements indicate that the effect of structure-induced wave set-up on the wave transmission coefficients is negligibly small. The structure-induced wave set-up increases the wave overtopping discharges at the emerged coastal structure. This effect can be taken into account in wave overtopping estimates by reducing the freeboard with the structure-induced wave set-up.