Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines: Immunogenicity, efficacy and safety aspects.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccines: Immunogenicity, efficacy and safety aspects.
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DOI：
10.5501/wjv.v1.i1.23
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发表时间：
2012-02-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Charerntantanakul, Wasin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Charerntantanakul, Wasin
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus，PRRSV）感染是全球养猪业的主要经济损失。该病毒可导致猪的生殖衰竭、呼吸道疾病和生长迟缓。本文综述了目前用于控制PRRS的商业PRRS疫苗的现状。本文重点介绍了疫苗的免疫原性、保护效力和安全性。商业PRRS改良活病毒（MLV）疫苗在接种后延迟了体液和细胞介导的免疫应答。该疫苗赋予针对遗传同源性PRRSV的晚期但有效的保护，以及针对遗传异源性病毒的部分保护。MLV疫苗的安全性令人担忧，因为疫苗病毒可恢复毒力并引起疾病。另一方面，PRRS灭活病毒（KV）疫苗是安全的，但对同源或异源病毒的保护作用有限。KV疫苗还有助于降低疾病的严重程度时，给药到PRRSV感染的猪。尽管已经做出努力来提高PRRS疫苗的免疫原性、有效性和安全性，但仍然需要更好的疫苗来预防PRRS。
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection is the leading cause of economic casualty in swine industry worldwide. The virus can cause reproductive failure, respiratory disease, and growth retardation in the pigs. This review deals with current status of commercial PRRS vaccines presently used to control PRRS. The review focuses on the immunogenicity, protective efficacy and safety aspects of the vaccines. Commercial PRRS modified-live virus (MLV) vaccine elicits delayed humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following vaccination. The vaccine confers late but effective protection against genetically homologous PRRSV, and partial protection against genetically heterologous virus. The MLV vaccine is of concern for its safety as the vaccine virus can revert to virulence and cause diseases. PRRS killed virus (KV) vaccine, on the other hand, is safe but confers limited protection against either homologous or heterologous virus. The KV vaccine yet helps reduce disease severity when administered to the PRRSV-infected pigs. Although efforts have been made to improve the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of PRRS vaccines, a better vaccine is still needed in order to protect against PRRSV.