Schemas and memory consolidation
Schemas and memory consolidation
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1135935
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发表时间：
2007-04-06
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Morris, Richard G. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tse, Dorothy;Langston, Rosamund F.;Morris, Richard G. M.
记忆编码发生得很快，但新皮质中的记忆巩固长期以来被认为是一个更加渐进的过程。然而，我们现在报告说，如果先前已经创建了包含新信息的关联“模式”，则系统整合可以非常快地发生。在对大鼠使用海马依赖性配对联想任务的实验中，随着假定的新皮质图式逐渐发展，风味-地点关联的记忆随着时间的推移而变得持久。新的痕迹只经过一次试验的训练，然后就被同化并迅速独立于海马体。图式在一次性学习过程中持久联想记忆表征的创建中也发挥了因果作用。新皮质图式的概念可以将知识结构的心理学解释与系统记忆巩固的神经生物学理论结合起来。
Memory encoding occurs rapidly, but the consolidation of memory in the neocortex has long been held to be a more gradual process. We now report, however, that systems consolidation can occur extremely quickly if an associative "schema" into which new information is incorporated has previously been created. In experiments using a hippocampal-dependent paired-associate task for rats, the memory of flavor-place associations became persistent over time as a putative neocortical schema gradually developed. New traces, trained for only one trial, then became assimilated and rapidly hippocampal-independent. Schemas also played a causal role in the creation of lasting associative memory representations during one-trial learning. The concept of neocortical schemas may unite psychological accounts of knowledge structures with neurobiological theories of systems memory consolidation.