" ... Society is, at the end of the day, still going to stigmatize you no matter which way": A qualitative study of the impact of stigma on social support during unintended pregnancy in early adulthood
" ... Society is, at the end of the day, still going to stigmatize you no matter which way": A qualitative study of the impact of stigma on social support during unintended pregnancy in early adulthood
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0217308
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发表时间：
2019-05-23
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gerdts, Caitlin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moseson, Heidi;Mahanaimy, Moria;Gerdts, Caitlin
在美国，青春期和成年早期的意外怀孕是一种耻辱，因为它偏离了将年轻人的性行为视为社会问题的社会规范。虽然有限，但先前的研究发现，这种耻辱感阻止年轻人在生活中告诉人们他们怀孕的事情，因为害怕判断或负面反应。我们假设，这种选择性披露的意外怀孕，由于耻辱将减少社会支持提供给年轻的怀孕的人在一个特别脆弱的时间，社会支持，我们知道是很重要的最佳身心健康的年轻人，怀孕（如果他们选择进行足月）。为了探索这一假设，我们在年轻人中进行了一项定性研究，以了解他们是否以及如何经历与意外怀孕有关的耻辱，这种耻辱如何塑造怀孕披露的模式，对获得社会支持的影响，以及参与者对如何减轻这种耻辱对他们生活的影响的想法。在对旧金山弗朗西斯科湾区至少经历过一次意外怀孕的25名年轻人进行深入采访时，我们使用主题分析方法发现，意外怀孕的耻辱感导致参与者选择性地向有限的人透露怀孕，这反过来又切断了他们所需的社会支持来源。黑人和西班牙裔妇女不成比例地描述了这种经历。参与者表达了一种愿望，即通过互联网，通过临床护理网站，大学或高中校园或其他论坛组织团体，将经历过意外怀孕的年轻人联系起来，作为减轻耻辱感，分享观点和经验教训的一种方式，否则为自己建立情感和信息支持网络，他们通常的支持已经消失。
Unintended pregnancy in adolescence and early adulthood is stigmatized in the United States because it deviates from social norms that consider young people's sexuality as a social problem. While limited, prior research has found that this stigma prevents young people from telling people in their lives about their pregnancies, for fear of judgment or negative reactions. We hypothesized that this selective disclosure of unintended pregnancy due to stigma would reduce the social support available to young pregnant people at a particularly vulnerable time-social support that we know is important for optimal physical and mental health of the young person, and the pregnancy (should they choose to carry to term). To explore this hypothesis, we conducted a qualitative study among young people to understand if and how they experienced stigma in relation to an unintended pregnancy, how this stigma shaped patterns of pregnancy disclosure, the implications for received social support, and participant thoughts on how to alleviate the influence of this stigma on their lives. In in-depth interviews with 25 young people in the San Francisco Bay area who had experienced at least one unintended pregnancy, using a thematic analysis approach, we found that the stigma of unintended pregnancy led participants to selectively disclose the pregnancy to limited people, which in turn cut them off from needed sources of social support. Black and Hispanic women disproportionately described this experience. Participants expressed a desire for programs that would connect young people who had experienced unplanned pregnancy to each other-either via the internet, organized groups through clinical care sites, college or high school campuses, or other forums-as a way to alleviate stigma, share perspectives and lessons learned, and otherwise build emotional and informational support networks for themselves where their usual support had fallen away.