Regulatory mechanisms of nitrogen (N) on cadmium (Cd) uptake and accumulation in plants: A review.

Regulatory mechanisms of nitrogen (N) on cadmium (Cd) uptake and accumulation in plants: A review.
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植物中氮 (N) 对镉 (Cd) 吸收和积累的调节机制:综述。

DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135186
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发表时间:
2019-11
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Lu YL
Lu YL
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yang YJ;Xiong J;Tao LX;Cao ZZ;Tang W;Zhang JP;Yu XY;Fu GF;Zhang XF;Lu YL

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镉 (Cd) 是一种对动植物有毒的重金属。氮(N)是最重要的常量营养元素,也是作物生产的常见投入,农民为了获得更多的经济效益往往过量施用超过植物的需求。了解控制镉吸收、易位和积累的氮调节机制可能有助于开发针对营养链中镉污染的解决方案,镉污染是对农业可持续发展和人类健康的主要全球威胁。在这篇综述中,我们阐明,无论其形式如何,增加氮量都会增强植物对镉的吸收、易位和积累,而硝酸盐比任何其他氮形式更能促进镉的吸收。我们还描述了氮肥改变了土壤中镉的交换能力和生物可利用的镉含量;调节一氧化氮诱导的 Nramp1、HMA2 和 IRT1 的二价阳离子基因表达;并改变细胞壁隔离、螯合能力和氧化抗性,以调节植物中镉的积累。通过揭示镉积累和氮肥使用之间的综合相互作用效应,我们提出了新的挑战,以研究镉污染农田中氮的功能和机制,并制定合适的氮肥方案,以切实降低农业食品生产中的食品健康风险。
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is toxic to plants and animals. Nitrogen (N), the most significant macro-nutrient and a common input for crop production, is often excessively applied than plants’ demands by farmers to obtain more economic benefits. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of N that control Cd uptake, translocation, and accumulation may enable the development of solutions regarding Cd pollution in the trophic chain, a major and global threat to agricultural sustainability and human health. In this review, we clarified that an increased amount of N, regardless of its form, enhances Cd uptake, translocation, and accumulation in plants, and nitrate promotes Cd uptake more than any other N form. We also described that N fertilizer alters the Cd exchange capacity and the bio-available Cd content in soil; regulates nitric oxide induced divalent cation gene expression ofNramp1,HMA2, andIRT1; and changes cell wall isolation, chelation capacity, and oxidative resistance to regulate Cd accumulation in plants. By revealing the integrated interaction effects between Cd accumulation and N fertiliser use, we propose new challenges to investigate the functions and mechanisms of N in Cd-contaminated croplands and develop suitable N-fertilisation protocols to practically reduce food health risks in agricultural food production.
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