Lethality of Suicidal Methods and Suicide Risk: Two Distinct Concepts
Lethality of Suicidal Methods and Suicide Risk: Two Distinct Concepts
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自杀方法的致命性和自杀风险：两个不同的概念
DOI：
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发表时间：
1974
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Card
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Card
定义了两种衡量 11 种自杀方法致死率的客观指标：涉及该方法的自杀事件的平均严重程度，以及使用该方法导致的死亡概率。发现这些措施基本上是可以互换的。 14 名法官被要求根据“在自杀未遂中使用该方法导致的死亡概率”对相同的 11 种方法进行排名。法官对致死率的主观估计与客观测量结果非常吻合。研究人员检查了致死率与风险或未来某个日期自杀的可能性之间的关系。这两个变量明显不同。 11种自杀方法的致死率和相关风险之间的等级相关性并不显着。此外，当给定致死率类别内的所有事件都被折叠，然后评估与每个致死率类别相关的风险时，最致命的企图未来自杀的风险显着低于最不致命的企图。
Two objective measures of the lethality of 11 suicidal methods were defined: Mean Seriousness of suicidal incidents involving the method, and Probability of Death resulting from use of the method. The measures were found to be essentially interchangeable. Fourteen judges were asked to rank the same 11 methods according to the “probability of death resulting from use of the method in a suicide attempt.” The judges' subjective estimates of lethality corresponded well with objective measures. The relationship between lethality and risk, or the probability of suicide at some future date, was examined. The two variables were clearly distinct. Rank correlation between lethality of, and risk associated with, the 11 suicidal methods was not significant Moreover, when all incidents within a given lethality category were collapsed, and then risk associated with each lethality category evaluated, the most lethal attempts had a significantly lower risk of future suicide than the least lethal attempts.