Illicit psychoactive substance use, abuse and dependence in a population-based sample of Norwegian twins
Illicit psychoactive substance use, abuse and dependence in a population-based sample of Norwegian twins
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291706007720
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kendler, Kenneth S.;Aggen, Steven H.;Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted
背景先前在两个药物使用率相对较高的英语国家（美国和澳大利亚）进行的基于人群的双胞胎研究表明，遗传因素对药物使用的个体差异有很大影响。滥用和依赖非法精神活性物质。这些结果会在挪威重现吗？非法药物使用流行率低的北欧国家？法终身使用。滥用和依赖五类非法药物（大麻。兴奋剂，鸦片，可卡因和致幻剂）进行了评估，在个人访谈中，在1386个完整的年轻成人双胞胎对确定从挪威公共卫生研究所双胞胎小组。使用Mx统计软件包对三种表型进行孪生模型拟合：任何。终生使用，至少有一种DSM-IV滥用或依赖症状。并符合DSM-IV滥用或依赖的标准。只有6-4%的样本报告终生大量使用非法物质（定义为使用10次或10次以上）。有意义的分析是可能的，对于任何物质和五种物质中的每一种单独使用。但对于滥用/依赖的症状或诊断，只有对任何物质和大麻才可能进行有意义的分析。完整的双胞胎模型一致认为，双胞胎的相似性主要或完全是遗传因素造成的。所有分析的最佳拟合模型仅包括遗传和个体特异性环境效应，遗传度估计值范围为58%至81%。与美国和澳大利亚的先前结果雅阁。遗传因素似乎在挪威非法药物使用和滥用/依赖的病因学中起着重要作用。
Background. Prior population-based twin studies from two Anglophonic countries with relatively high rates of drug use - the USA and Australia - Suggest that genetic factors contribute substantially to individual differences in the use. abuse and dependence of illicit psychoactive Substances. Would these results replicate in Norway. a Nordic country with a low prevalence of illicit drug use?Method. Lifetime use. abuse and dependence of five Illicit drug categories (cannabis. stimulants, opiates, cocaine and psychedelics) were assessed at personal Interview in 1386 complete young adult twin pairs ascertained from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel. Twin model fitting was performed using the Mx statistical package oil three phenotypes: any. lifetime use, endorsement of at least one DSM-IV symptom of abuse or dependence. and meeting DSM-IV criteria for abuse or dependence.Results. Significant lifetime use of illicit Substances (defined as use 10 or more times) was reported by only 6-4% of the sample. Meaningful analyses were possible For use of any substance and each of the five substances individually. but for symptoms or a diagnosis of abuse/dependence meaningful analyses were possible only for any substance and cannabis. Full twin models uniformly found twin resemblance to be due largley or entirely to genetic factors. Best-fit models for all analyses included only genetic and individual-specific environmental effects with heritability estimates ranging from 58% to 81%.Conclusion. In accord with prior results from the USA and Australia. genetic factors appear to play an important role in the etiology of use and abuse/dependence of illicit drugs in Norway.