The Self-Choice Elaboration Effects on Incidental Memory of Japanese Historical Facts
The Self-Choice Elaboration Effects on Incidental Memory of Japanese Historical Facts
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自我选择阐述对日本历史事实偶然记忆的影响
DOI：
10.2466/pms.2000.91.1.69
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Misako Tsujimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Toyota;Misako Tsujimura
受试者执行了涉及 3 个条件的定向任务，随后进行了意想不到的测试，其中包括自由回忆、姓名匹配和姓名选择。设计条件是为了强制自我生成的阐述、自我选择的阐述和实验者提供的阐述。在自生阐述条件下，向受试者呈现目标句子，例如，织田信长烧毁了延历寺，并要求受试者回答一个详细的询问，例如，为什么织田信长烧毁了延历寺？关于每句话。在自选阐述条件下，受试者选择一个替代答案来对每个句子进行详尽的询问。在实验者提供的详细阐述条件下，向受试者提供了一个答案，他们认为该答案与详细询问的正确答案一致。在自由回忆测试中，自我生成的阐述比其他两种没有观察到差异的情况有更好的表现。然而，在名称匹配和名称选择测试中，自选阐述和自我生成阐述的得分优于实验者提供的阐述。这些结果被解释为证明，除了自我生成的阐述之外，自我选择的阐述可以导致记忆中的有效编码。
The subjects performed an orienting task involving 3 conditions, followed by unexpected tests which included free recall, name-matching and name-selection. Conditions were designed to force self-generated elaboration, self-choice elaboration, and experimenter-provided elaboration. In the self-generated elaboration condition, subjects were presented target sentences, e.g., Nobunaga ODA burned down ENRYAKUJI Temple, and asked to answer an elaborative interrogation, e.g., Why did Nobunaga ODA burn down ENRYAKUJI Temple? about each sentence. In the self-choice elaboration condition, subjects selected one of the alternative answers to an elaborative interrogation about each sentence. In the experimenter-provided elaboration condition, subjects were presented an answer which they rated for congruity as the correct answer to the elaborative interrogation. In the free recall test, self-generated elaboration led to better performance than the other two conditions for which no difference was observed. However, in the name-matching and name-selection tests, scores were better for self-choice elaboration and self-generated elaboration than for experimenter-provided elaboration. These results were interpreted as demonstrating that self-choice elaboration, in addition to self-generated elaboration, led to effective encoding in memory.