Cardiopulmonary Effects of Fine Particulate Matter Exposure among Older Adults, during Wildfire and Non-Wildfire Periods, in the United States 2008-2010
Cardiopulmonary Effects of Fine Particulate Matter Exposure among Older Adults, during Wildfire and Non-Wildfire Periods, in the United States 2008-2010
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp3860
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Rappold, Ana G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Deflorio-Barker, Stephanie;Crooks, James;Rappold, Ana G.
背景技术背景：暴露于细颗粒物的影响与其他来源的PM2.5暴露相比，野火期间的PM2.5（PM2.5）还没有得到很好的理解。结论：我们研究了美国吸烟日短期暴露于PM2.5对心肺的影响，以评估健康影响是否与非吸烟日一致。我们研究了2008-2010年期间美国123个大型野火200公里范围内的692个县（n=692）年龄≥ 65岁的成人心肺住院情况。我们评估了在吸烟和非吸烟天的关联，并研究了模型和观察到的暴露指标的变异性。泊松回归用于估计延迟第0-6天（L0-6）的特定县效应，并根据星期几、温度、湿度和季节趋势进行调整。我们使用荟萃分析结合联合收割机县的具体影响，估计PM2.5每增加10 μ g/m3的住院率的总体百分比差异。结果：使用模型暴露度量，在所有日期和地点暴露于PM2.5与吸烟和非吸烟日的住院率增加相关。估计的影响在多个滞后期持续存在，吸烟日增加1.08% [95%置信区间（CI）：0.28，1.89]，吸烟日增加0.67%[95%置信区间（CI）：0.28，1.89]。在L1，对于呼吸，在非吸烟日为0.61%（95%CI：0.09，1.14），对于心血管结果，在吸烟日为0.69%（95%CI：0.19，1.2）。对于哮喘相关的住院治疗，吸烟日的百分比增加更大[6.9%（95% CI：3.71，10.11）]比非吸烟日[1.34%（95% CI：-1.10，3.77）]。结论：在多个滞后和暴露指标中，吸烟和非吸烟日与PM2.5相关的心肺住院风险增加相似，而在吸烟的日子里，哮喘相关的住院风险更高。
BACKGROUND: The effects of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during wildland fires are not well understood in comparison with PM2.5 exposures from other sources.OBJECTIVES: We examined the cardiopulmonary effects of short-term exposure to PM2.5 on smoke days in the United States to evaluate whether health effects are consistent with those during non-smoke days.METHODS: We examined cardiopulmonary hospitalizations among adults >= 65 y of age, in U.S. counties (n=692) within 200 km of 123 large wildfires during 2008-2010. We evaluated associations during smoke and non-smoke days and examined variability with respect to modeled and observed exposure metrics. Poisson regression was used to estimate county-specific effects at lag days 0-6 (L0-6), adjusted for day of week, temperature, humidity, and seasonal trend. We used meta-analyses to combine county-specific effects and estimate overall percentage differences in hospitalizations expressed per 10-mu g/m(3) increase in PM2.5.RESULTS: Exposure to PM2.5, on all days and locations, was associated with increased hospitalizations on smoke and non-smoke days using modeled exposure metrics. The estimated effects persisted across multiple lags, with a percentage increase of 1.08% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.28, 1.89] on smoke days and 0.67% (95% CI: -0.09, 1.44) on non-smoke days for respiratory and 0.61% (95% CI: 0.09, 1.14) on smoke days and 0.69% (95% CI: 0.19, 1.2) on non-smoke days for cardiovascular outcomes on Ll. For asthma-related hospitalizations, the percentage increase was greater on smoke days [6.9% (95% CI: 3.71, 10.11)] than non-smoke days [1.34% (95% CI: -1.10, 3.77)] on L1.CONCLUSIONS: The increased risk of PM2.5-related cardiopulmonary hospitalizations was similar on smoke and non-smoke days across multiple lags and exposure metrics, whereas risk for asthma-related hospitalizations was higher during smoke days.