Oxidative metabolism, ROS and NO under oxygen deprivation
Oxidative metabolism, ROS and NO under oxygen deprivation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.01.007
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Fagerstedt, Kurt V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blokhina, Olga;Fagerstedt, Kurt V.
缺氧与其他应激条件一致，伴随着活性氧（ROS）和氮物质（RNS）的形成，其特征在于一系列代谢变化，统称为“氧化应激反应”。在缺氧条件下，ROS和RNS信号在诱导适应性反应中是必需的，并且不可避免地导致氧化损伤。为了防止氧化应激的不利影响，ROS和NO的水平在转录、翻译和代谢水平上受到严格控制。缺氧触发负责ROS和NO处理和利用的基因（呼吸爆发氧化酶、非共生血红蛋白、几种细胞色素P450、线粒体脱氢酶和抗氧化剂相关转录物）的诱导。组织中的氧水平也通过多种机制受到代谢控制：调节糖酵解和发酵途径以管理呼吸的丙酮酸可用性，以及通过NO和ROS平衡调节线粒体电子流。这两种适应策略都是由能量状态控制的，目的是降低呼吸能力和推迟完全缺氧。除了局部氧浓度外，ROS和RNS的形成还受到一系列抗氧化剂的控制。低血糖治疗导致与抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽和硫氧还蛋白代谢相关的多种转录物的上调。ROS和NO的产生是对氧剥夺的反应的组成部分，其包括几个水平的代谢调节以维持氧化还原信号传导并防止氧化损伤。(C)2010年Elsevier Masson SAS。All rights reserved.
Oxygen deprivation, in line with other stress conditions, is accompanied by reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) formation and is characterised by a set of metabolic changes collectively named as the 'oxidative stress response'. The controversial induction of oxidative metabolism under the lack of oxygen is necessitated by ROS and RNS signaling in the induction of adaptive responses, and inevitably results in oxidative damage. To prevent detrimental effects of oxidative stress, the levels of ROS and NO are tightly controlled on transcriptional, translational and metabolic levels. Hypoxia triggers the induction of genes responsible for ROS and NO handling and utilization (respiratory burst oxidase, nonsymbiotic hemoglobins, several cytochromes P450, mitochondrial dehydrogenases, and antioxidant-related transcripts). The level of oxygen in the tissue is also under metabolic control via multiple mechanisms: Regulation of glycolytic and fermentation pathways to manage pyruvate availability for respiration, and adjustment of mitochondrial electron flow through NO and ROS balance. Both adaptive strategies are controlled by energy status and aim to decrease the respiratory capacity and to postpone complete anoxia. Besides local oxygen concentration, ROS and RNS formation is controlled by an array of antioxidants. Hypoxic treatment leads to the upregulation of multiple transcripts associated with ascorbate, glutathione and thioredoxin metabolism. The production of ROS and NO is an integral part of the response to oxygen deprivation which encompasses several levels of metabolic regulation to sustain redox signaling and to prevent oxidative damage. (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.