PHOSPHORYLATION OF CALMODULIN BY THE CATALYTIC SUBUNIT OF CASEIN KINASE-II IS INHIBITED BY THE REGULATORY SUBUNIT
PHOSPHORYLATION OF CALMODULIN BY THE CATALYTIC SUBUNIT OF CASEIN KINASE-II IS INHIBITED BY THE REGULATORY SUBUNIT
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DOI:
10.1006/abbi.1993.1037
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发表时间:
1993-01-01
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
GLOVER, CVC
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
BIDWAI, AP;REED, JC;GLOVER, CVC
Casein kinase II (CKII) is composed of a catalytic subunit (α) and a regulatory subunit (β) that combine to form an α2β2holoenzyme. The α-subunit monomer is enzymatically active, albeit kinetically attenuated relative to the holoenzyme, and the addition of purified β subunit stimulates its activity against casein (C. Cochet and E. M. Chambaz, 1983,J. Biol. Chem.258, 1403-1406). Here we report a kinetic analysis of the phosphorylation of various protein and peptide substrates by the a subunit and the holneazyme ofDrosophila melanogasterCKII. We demonstrate that the α subunit, like the holoenzyme, is competent to phosphorylate typical physiological substrates such as the regulatory (Rh) subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAMPdPK), as well as artificial substrates such as α-casein and the synthetic peptide RRREEETEEE. TheKmof the α subunit in each case is similar to that of the holoenzyme, whereas theVmaxis 5- to 60-fold lower. In contrast, calmodulin, a protein that is significantly phosphorylated by the holoenzyme only in the presence of polybasic compounds, is readily phosphorylated by the α subunit alone. While theKmvalues of the α subunit and the holoenzyme for calmodulin are similar, theVmaxof the α subunit is at least 10-fold higher than that of the holoenzyme. These results suggest that while the α subunit contains the necessary determinants for CKII substrate specificity, the β subunit can either inhibit or activate it, in a substrate-dependent manner. Finally, we also demonstrate that polybasic compounds stimulate not only the holoenzyme but, to a lesser extent, the a subunit as well.