Enteral intake for very low birth weight infants: what should the composition be?
Enteral intake for very low birth weight infants: what should the composition be?
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DOI：
10.1053/j.semperi.2007.02.004
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发表时间：
2007-04
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
S. Kashyap
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Kashyap
提供最佳营养以满足极低出生体重婴儿的生长需求至关重要。当喂养这些婴儿的量足以提供 120 kcal/kg/d 时，可用的早产配方奶粉和强化母乳饮食可提供大约 3.5 至 3.6 g/kg/d 的蛋白质摄入量。这些摄入量以大约或略高于子宫内的速度支持生长和蛋白质积累，并导致脂肪沉积相对增加。然而，大多数喂养这些饮食的极低出生婴儿在出院时仍低于宫内生长标准的第 10 个百分位。有明确证据表明，就生长而言，极低出生婴儿可能受益于较高的蛋白质摄入量；然而，没有明确的证据表明能量摄入量需要大于120 kcal/kg/d。尽管蛋白质摄入量的上限和理想的蛋白质：能量比例仍存在争议，但有足够的证据支持蛋白质：能量比例为 3.2 至 3.3 g/100 kcal 的配方奶的有益和安全使用。
Providing optimal nutrition to satisfy the growth needs of very low birth weight infants is critical. The available preterm formulas and fortified human milk diets provide protein intakes of approximately 3.5 to 3.6 g/kg/d when volumes sufficient to provide 120 kcal/kg/d are fed to these infants. These intakes support growth and protein accretion at about or slightly greater than intrauterine rate and lead to relatively increased fat deposition. However, most very low birth infants fed these diets remain below the 10th percentile of the intrauterine growth standards at discharge. There is clear evidence that, with respect to growth, very low birth infants are likely to benefit from a higher protein intake; however, there is no clear evidence that energy intakes greater than 120 kcal/kg/d are needed. Although the upper limit of protein intake and the ideal protein:energy ratio remain controversial, there is enough evidence to support the beneficial and safe use of formulas providing protein:energy ratio of 3.2 to 3.3 g/100 kcal.