Morphological trait matching shapes plant-frugivore networks across the Andes
Morphological trait matching shapes plant-frugivore networks across the Andes
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DOI：
10.1111/ecog.03396
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Schleuning, Matthias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bender, Irene M. A.;Kissling, W. Daniel;Schleuning, Matthias
资源物种和消费物种之间的相互作用是在生态网络中组织起来的。这些网络中的物种相互作用受到相互作用伙伴的功能性状的影响，但基于性状的相互作用规则的普遍性以及功能性状与物种对特定相互作用伙伴的专门化之间的关系尚未被理解。在这里，我们联合收割机的数据之间的8个相互作用网络的肉质果实植物和食果鸟类在热带和亚热带安第斯山脉采样。我们测试的植物和动物的形态特征的组合，确定在这些网络中的资源和消费物种之间的性状匹配。此外，我们测试的形态特征影响植物和鸟类物种的功能专业化。在一项跨网络特定第四角分析的荟萃分析中，我们发现与大小匹配（果实大小-喙大小）和鸟类觅食行为（植物高度-翅膀形状和作物质量-体重）相关的植物-动物性状对在这些网络中呈正相关。在特定的相互作用伙伴的功能专业化的程度呈正相关作物的质量在植物和鸟类的翅膀的尖锐。我们的研究结果表明，肉质果实植物和食果鸟类之间的形态特征匹配是一个普遍的现象，在整个安第斯山脉的植物食果网络和特定的植物和鸟类的特征，可以用来近似的程度的功能专业化。这些见解的一般性的相互作用规则的基础上预测的物种在生态网络中的相互作用，例如在新的社区在未来，并可以应用于识别植物和动物物种，履行专门的功能角色，在生态社区。
Interactions between resource and consumer species are organized in ecological networks. Species interactions in these networks are influenced by the functional traits of the interacting partners, but the generality of trait-based interaction rules and the relationship between functional traits and a species' specialization on specific interaction partners are not yet understood. Here we combine data on eight interaction networks between fleshy-fruited plants and frugivorous birds sampled across the tropical and subtropical Andean range. We test which combinations of morphological plant and animal traits determine trait matching between resource and consumer species in these networks. In addition, we test which of the morphological traits influence functional specialization of plant and bird species. In a meta-analysis across network-specific fourth-corner analyses, we found that plant-animal trait pairs related to size matching (fruit size-beak size) and avian foraging behavior (plant height-wing shape and crop mass-body mass) were positively related in these networks. The degree of functional specialization on specific interaction partners was positively related to crop mass in plants and to the pointedness of the wing in birds. Our findings show that morphological trait matching between fleshy-fruited plants and frugivorous birds is a general phenomenon in plant-frugivore networks across the Andes and that specific plant and bird traits can be used to approximate the degree of functional specialization. These insights into the generality of interaction rules are the base for predictions of species interactions in ecological networks, for instance in novel communities in the future, and can be applied to identify plant and animal species that fulfill specialized functional roles in ecological communities.