Early maturity of face processing in children: Local and relational distinctiveness effects in 7-year-olds
Early maturity of face processing in children: Local and relational distinctiveness effects in 7-year-olds
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DOI：
10.1080/13506280344000022
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
McKone, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilchrist, A;McKone, E
人们仍然经常声称，儿童的面部识别成熟相对较晚（例如，10年），支持“专业知识”，而不是“天生”的解释。然而，一项综述表明，许多成人的面部处理特性（反转效应，一阶关系处理，二阶关系处理，种族效应，知觉的独特性效应）在6-7岁时就存在了。一项新实验研究了独特性对记忆的影响。我们通过对原始面孔的局部改变（厚嘴唇、浓密眉毛）和二阶关系改变（眼睛靠得更近、嘴巴下移; Leder &布鲁斯，1998）来操纵独特性。我们还改变了方向（直立，倒置）。7岁奥尔兹的记忆显示出成人对所有这些操纵的敏感模式。我们的结论是，人脸识别成熟相对较早，未来的研究重点必须转移到更年轻的年龄组。
It is still often claimed that face recognition in children matures relatively late (e.g., 10 years), supporting an "expertise" rather than an "innate" interpretation. However, a review indicates that many adult properties of face processing (inversion effects, first-order relational processing, second-order relational processing, race effects, distinctiveness effects on perception) are present at 6-7 years. A new experiment investigates distinctiveness effects on memory. We manipulated distinctiveness via both local alterations to an original face (thicker lips, bushier eyebrows), and second-order relational alterations (eyes closer together, mouth moved down; Leder & Bruce, 1998). We also varied orientation (upright, inverted). Seven-year-olds' memory showed adult patterns of sensitivity to all these manipulations. We conclude that face recognition matures relatively early, and that the focus of future studies must shift to much younger age groups.