Effects of dietary lipid sources on growth and fatty acid composition of juvenile shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
Effects of dietary lipid sources on growth and fatty acid composition of juvenile shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2095.2007.00470.x
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发表时间：
2007-06
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Qi-cun Zhou;C.‐C. Li;Chu-wu Liu;S. Chi;Qi‐hui Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qi-cun Zhou;C.‐C. Li;Chu-wu Liu;S. Chi;Qi‐hui Yang
本试验研究了饲料中不同脂肪源对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长性能和脂肪酸组成的影响。以酪蛋白、溶剂化豆粕和明胶为蛋白源的6种等能、等氮半纯饲料中添加60g kg−1脂源。脂肪来源包括：鳕鱼油(PO)、猪油(PL)、大豆油(SO)、花生油(PN)、菜籽油(RO)和鳕鱼油与大豆油的混合物(POSO 1：1 w/w)。每种饲料分别饲喂对虾幼虾(平均体重0.10克)，每天4次，投喂至明显饱和(投食率约为8%)，共8周。试验结束时，添加PO和POSO混合油饲料的对虾增重、比生长率和蛋白质效率显著高于其他脂肪来源。SO、RO、Pn和PL的营养价值相似。添加PO、POSO混合油和SO的对虾存活率最高，而投喂PL的对虾存活率最低。不同处理间整体和肝胰脏脂肪含量差异显著，尾肌脂肪含量受饲料脂肪来源影响不显著。饲喂POSO饲料的对虾整体蛋白质含量高于其他脂肪来源的对虾，PO饲料的对虾尾部肌肉粗蛋白含量最高。饲料中的脂肪酸组成与全虾的脂肪酸组成之间存在高度的相关性。整体脂肪酸组成一般受膳食脂肪来源的影响，尤其是膳食不饱和脂肪酸。
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lipid sources on the growth performance and fatty acid (FA) composition of juvenile shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Six isoenergetic and isonitrogenous semi-purified diets containing casein, solvent-extracted soybean meal and gelatin as protein sources, were supplemented with 60 g kg−1 of lipid sources. The lipid sources included: pollack fish oil (PO), pork lard (PL), soy oil (SO), peanut oil (PN), rapeseed oil (RO) and a mixture of pollack fish oil and soy oil (POSO 1 : 1 w/w). Each diet was fed to juvenile shrimp (0.10 g average weight) four times daily in triplicate tanks to apparent satiation (feeding ratio was about 8%) for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio were significantly higher for shrimp fed the diet containing PO and the POSO mixture oil than the other lipid sources. The nutritional values of SO, RO, PN and PL were similar. Shrimp fed on PO, mixture oil of POSO and SO had better survival rates than the other lipid sources, and shrimp fed the PL had the lowest survival rate. There were significant differences in lipid contents of whole body and hepatopancreas amongst the dietary treatments; however, lipid contents of tail muscle were not significantly affected by the dietary lipid sources. Shrimps fed POSO diet had higher protein content in whole body than those fed the other lipid sources, and shrimp fed PO diet had highest crude protein content of the tail muscle. A high correlation was found between dietary FA composition and FA composition of whole shrimp. FA composition of the whole body was generally affected by dietary lipid sources, especially dietary unsaturated FA.