Protecting Forest Areas for Biodiversity in Sweden 1991-2010: the Policy Implementation Process and Outcomes on the Ground
Protecting Forest Areas for Biodiversity in Sweden 1991-2010: the Policy Implementation Process and Outcomes on the Ground
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DOI：
10.14214/sf.90
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Roberge, Jean-Michel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angelstam, Per;Andersson, Kjell;Roberge, Jean-Michel
瑞典的森林和环境政策意味着，森林的管理应使所有自然产生的物种都能存活。这就需要维持具有代表性的自然森林和文化林地生境的功能网络。我们首先回顾了1991-2010年瑞典保护区的政策实施过程，如何利用生态知识来制定临时的短期和战略性的长期生物多样性保护目标，并制定了一个分层的空间规划方法。第二，我们提供了关于正式保护和自愿留出的林地数量的数据，并评估了在额外的森林保护、养护管理和栖息地恢复方面还有多少剩余，以实现长期的森林和环境政策目标。第三，在瑞典中部的案例研究，估计功能的老苏格兰松，挪威云杉和落叶林栖息地，以及文化林地，在不同的森林地区。最后，我们评估业务的生物多样性保护规划过程。我们的结论是，瑞典的政策声明捕捉当代知识的生物多样性和保护规划。然而，现有的保护林和保留林面积目前太小，连通性太差。为了弥补这一差距，需要改进空间规划、生境管理和恢复，以及森林和养护规划人员之间的合作。
Swedish forest and environmental policies imply that forests should be managed so that all naturally occurring species are maintained in viable populations. This requires maintenance of functional networks of representative natural forest and cultural woodland habitats. We first review the policy implementation process regarding protected areas in Sweden 1991-2010, how ecological knowledge was used to formulate interim short-term and strategic long-term biodiversity conservation goals, and the development of a hierarchical spatial planning approach. Second, we present data about the amount of formally protected and voluntarily set aside forest stands, and evaluate how much remains in terms of additional forest protection, conservation management and habitat restoration to achieve forest and environmental policy objectives in the long-term. Third, a case study in central Sweden was made to estimate the functionality of old Scots pine, Norway spruce and deciduous forest habitats, as well as cultural woodland, in different forest regions. Finally, we assess operational biodiversity conservation planning processes. We conclude that Swedish policy pronouncements capture the contemporary knowledge about biodiversity and conservation planning well. However, the existing area of protected and set-aside forests is presently too small and with too poor connectivity. To bridge this gap, spatial planning, management and restoration of habitat, as well as collaboration among forest and conservation planners need to be improved.