Optimal integration of shading and binocular disparity for depth perception
Optimal integration of shading and binocular disparity for depth perception
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DOI：
10.1167/12.1.1
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Harris, Julie M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lovell, Paul G.;Bloj, Marina;Harris, Julie M.
我们探索了阴影形状和双眼视差对于深度感知的相对效用。光线追踪图像要么具有从上方照明的光滑表面（仅阴影），要么由小点定义（仅视差）。观察者判断一对平滑弯曲的凸物体中哪一个具有最大的深度。阴影提示的可靠性大约是用于深度辨别的丰富视差信息的一半。通过在刺激图像中放置点来组合阴影和视差定义的线索，叠加在阴影表面上，从而产生真实的阴影和双眼视差。独立改变每个通道提供的深度允许创建冲突的视差定义和阴影定义深度。我们通过添加视差噪声来操纵视差信息的可靠性。随着视差通道中的噪声水平增加，感知的深度和方差转向现在更可靠的阴影提示。数据中应用了几种不同的提示组合模型。除了一名观察者之外，所有观察者的感知深度和方差都可以通过线索整合的经典最大似然估计（MLE）模型得到很好的预测。我们讨论了 MLE 在多大程度上是考虑观察者性能的最简约模型。
We explore the relative utility of shape from shading and binocular disparity for depth perception. Ray-traced images either featured a smooth surface illuminated from above (shading-only) or were defined by small dots (disparity-only). Observers judged which of a pair of smoothly curved convex objects had most depth. The shading cue was around half as reliable as the rich disparity information for depth discrimination. Shading-and disparity-defined cues where combined by placing dots in the stimulus image, superimposed upon the shaded surface, resulting in veridical shading and binocular disparity. Independently varying the depth delivered by each channel allowed creation of conflicting disparity-defined and shading-defined depth. We manipulated the reliability of the disparity information by adding disparity noise. As noise levels in the disparity channel were increased, perceived depths and variances shifted toward those of the now more reliable shading cue. Several different models of cue combination were applied to the data. Perceived depths and variances were well predicted by a classic maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) model of cue integration, for all but one observer. We discuss the extent to which MLE is the most parsimonious model to account for observer performance.