14-3-3 and its binding partners are regulators of protein-protein interactions during spermatogenesis.
14-3-3 and its binding partners are regulators of protein-protein interactions during spermatogenesis.
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DOI：
10.1677/joe-09-0041
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发表时间：
2009-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cheng CY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sun S;Wong EW;Li MW;Lee WM;Cheng CY
在精子发生过程中，在上皮周期的第八阶段，精子发生在精原上皮的腔内边缘，在此期间，成年大鼠睾丸中发育完全的精子（即精子）从上皮中分离出来。这一事件与瘦素/瘦素精母细胞从基底室向顶室（或腔室）穿过血睾丸屏障的迁移相一致。在上皮细胞周期的第XIV期，厚线精母细胞（二倍体，2n）在上皮细胞的顶端室分化为二倍体精母细胞（四倍体，4n），在上皮细胞周期的第XIV期开始减数分裂I，随后减数分裂II形成精子细胞（单倍体，1n）。这些精细胞依次经历广泛的形态变化，并穿过精细胞上皮，直到分化成细长的精细胞。因此，通过细胞粘附蛋白复合物之间的蛋白质“偶联”和“解偶联”，以及整体膜蛋白与其外周接头、调节蛋白激酶和磷酸酶以及细胞骨架蛋白之间相互作用的变化，支持细胞-支持细胞和支持细胞-生殖细胞界面发生了广泛的变化。这些精确协调的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用影响细胞粘附和细胞运动。本文综述了14-3-3蛋白家族，该家族成员在精原上皮中有不同的结合伙伴。最近的研究表明，14-3-3可能通过影响细胞内蛋白质运输和细胞极性蛋白来影响精原上皮中的蛋白质相互作用，并调节细胞粘附。本文就14-3-3蛋白家族在精子发生中的作用及其潜在意义的最新研究进展进行综述。我们还强调了值得研究者关注的研究领域。
During spermatogenesis, spermiation takes place at the adluminal edge of the seminiferous epithelium at stage VIII of the epithelial cycle during which fully developed spermatids (i.e. spermatozoa) detach from the epithelium in adult rat testes. This event coincides with the migration of preleptotene/leptotene spermatocytes across the blood–testis barrier from the basal to the apical (or adluminal) compartment. At stage XIV of the epithelial cycle, Pachytene spermatocytes (diploid, 2n) differentiate into diplotene spermatocytes (tetraploid, 4n) in the apical compartment of the epithelium, which begin meiosis I to be followed by meiosis II to form spermatids (haploid, 1n) at stage XIVof the epithelial cycle. These spermatids, in turn, undergo extensive morphological changes and traverse the seminiferous epithelium until they differentiate into elongated spermatids. Thus, there are extensive changes at the Sertoli–Sertoli and Sertoli–germ cell interface via protein ‘coupling’ and ‘uncoupling’ between cell adhesion protein complexes, as well as changes in interactions between integral membrane proteins and their peripheral adaptors, regulatory protein kinases and phosphatases, and the cytoskeletal proteins. These precisely coordinated protein–protein interactions affect cell adhesion and cell movement. In this review, we focus on the 14-3-3 protein family, whose members have different binding partners in the seminiferous epithelium. Recent studies have illustrated that 14-3-3 affects protein–protein interactions in the seminiferous epithelium, and regulates cell adhesion possibly via its effects on intracellular protein trafficking and cell-polarity proteins. This review provides a summary on the latest findings regarding the role of 14-3-3 family of proteins and their potential implications on spermatogenesis. We also highlight research areas that deserve attentions by investigators.