Is the Education of Local Children Influenced by Living near a Refugee Camp? Evidence from Host Communities in Rwanda
Is the Education of Local Children Influenced by Living near a Refugee Camp? Evidence from Host Communities in Rwanda
复制标题
居住在难民营附近是否会影响当地儿童的教育？
DOI：
10.1111/imig.12541
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
M. Siegel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ö. Bilgili;S. Fransen;C. Loschmann;M. Siegel
本文研究在何种程度上和以何种方式获得教育服务和当地儿童的学业成绩的影响，在他们的社区或周围的难民营的存在。以卢旺达的刚果难民为例，并依靠2016年收集的家庭调查数据，我们调查了学校的可用性，入学率和学校为基础的供餐计划，这些社区更接近和更远离三个难民营：Gihembe，Kiziba和Kigeme。此外，我们还进行了一项队列分析，以比较居住在离每个难民营不同距离的卢旺达人的受教育年限和小学毕业率。最后，在当地人之间进行的焦点小组讨论的基础上，我们提供了进一步的见解，当地人认为难民营的存在对他们的孩子的入学和教育成果的影响。我们的研究结果强调，住在难民营附近不会对当地儿童的教育产生负面影响。相反，居住在难民营附近的儿童有更好的学业成绩，居住在难民营附近的当地人对难民对当地教育的影响有广泛的看法，大多是积极的。这些结果有助于有关难民对收容社区的影响的文献，并为政策提供信息，说明如果进行长期投资并听取当地人的声音以满足他们的需求，难民如何不需要成为“负担”。
This paper studies to what extent and in what ways access to educational services and schooling outcomes of local children are influenced by the presence of a refugee camp in or around their community. Taking the case of Congolese refugees in Rwanda and relying on household survey data collected in 2016, we investigate the availability of schools, schooling rates and access to school-based feeding programs in communities closer to and further away from three refugee camps: Gihembe, Kiziba and Kigeme. Furthermore, we conduct a cohort analysis to compare the years of schooling and primary school completion of Rwandans residing at different distances from each of these camps. Finally, on the basis of focus group discussions conducted among locals, we provide further insights into the ways in which locals perceive the effects of the refugee camp’s presence on their children’s access to schooling and educational outcomes. Our results highlight that living nearby a refugee camp does not have a negative influence on the education of local children. On the contrary, children residing closer to the camps have better schooling outcomes, and locals residing closer to the camps have a wide array of mostly positive views regarding the effects of refugees on local education. These results contribute to the body of literature on the effects of refugees on host communities and inform policies on how refugees need not be a ‘burden’ if long-term investments are made and the voice of the locals are heard to address their needs.