Deep-Ocean Mining: Technologies For Manganese Nodules And Crusts
Deep-Ocean Mining: Technologies For Manganese Nodules And Crusts
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发表时间：
1996-12
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
J. Chung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Chung
本文件审查了从800- 6 000米深海底回收锰结核和富钴锰结壳的深海采矿系统最新技术的研究、开发和设计方面。它还讨论了选择性的技术挑战。锰结壳的特征是根据初步数据确定的。需要开发更先进的仪器和进行广泛的调查，以确定其准确的分布、丰度和物理特征。技术挑战，特别是在管道系统的流体-结构相互作用和采矿机生产轨迹保持方面的技术挑战尚未确定。美国更重视地质学，而日本更重视工程学。在过去15年中，结核采矿系统、系统集成和综合系统控制方面似乎没有发展出什么重大的新技术。但是，日本已经系统地设计和测试了分系统。随着过去30年的技术老化，采矿系统和技术需要升级，新的传感器、控制和数据采集技术需要进步。
This paper reviews research, development and design aspects of recent technologies for deep-ocean mining systems to recover manganese nodules and cobalt-rich manganese crusts from the seafloor at an 800-6,000-m depth. It also discusses selective technological challenges. The manganese crust is characterized on the basis of preliminary data. Development of more sophisticated instruments and an extensive survey are required to determine its accurate distribution, abundance and physical characteristics. The technical challenges particularly in the fluid-structure interactions of the pipe systems and the miner track-keeping for production are yet to be defined. The United States has a greater geological emphasis, while Japan places a greater emphasis on engineering. In the last 15 years, few significantly new technologies appear to have evolved in the nodule mining system, system integration and integrated system control. However, subsystems have been designed and tested systematically in Japan. As the technologies of the past 30 years age, the mining systems and technologies need to be upgraded, with advancements in new sensors, control and data acquisition technologies.