Flood regulating ecosystem services—Mapping supply and demand, in the Etropole municipality, Bulgaria
Flood regulating ecosystem services—Mapping supply and demand, in the Etropole municipality, Bulgaria
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.06.022
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发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
S. Nedkov;Benjamin Burkhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Nedkov;Benjamin Burkhard
洪水对人类社会造成巨大压力。相对于人类对调节洪水的生态系统服务的需求，评估生态系统调节和预防洪水的能力可为环境管理提供重要信息。在这项研究中，不同的生态系统调节洪水的能力进行了评估，通过调查的植被和土壤覆盖的保水功能。使用基于集水区的水文模型KINEROS和地理信息系统AGWA工具提供了关于高峰河流流量和不同土地覆盖类型“捕获”和调节部分水的能力的数据。基于源自CORINE的空间土地覆被单元和进一步的数据集，这些调节生态系统服务被量化并绘制成图。由此产生的地图显示了保加利亚北方埃特罗波莱镇以上Malki Iskar河流域案例研究区生态系统的洪水调节服务能力。在那里，过去几年中，严重的洪水事件对定居点和基础设施造成重大破坏的次数一直在增加。根据数字高程模型、土地利用信息和可达性数据，编制了研究区域洪水调节生态系统服务需求图。最后，洪水调节生态系统服务的供应和需求数据进行了合并，以产生一个地图，显示区域供需平衡。由此产生的洪水调节供应能力图显示，埃特罗波莱市辖区具有相对较高的洪水调节能力。高和非常高的相关能力的领域涵盖了约34%的研究领域。洪水调节生态系统服务需求图显示，低或无相关需求的地区远远超过高需求和非常高需求的地区，仅占该市面积的0.6%。根据防洪调度供需平衡图，相关需求高的地区位于相关供给能力低的地区。结果表明，不同来源的数据与水文模拟相结合，为复杂的功能-服务-效益关系的评估提供了合适的数据基础。
Floods exert significant pressure on human societies. Assessments of an ecosystem's capacity to regulate and to prevent floods relative to human demands for flood regulating ecosystem services can provide important information for environmental management. In this study, the capacities of different ecosystems to regulate floods were assessed through investigations of water retention functions of the vegetation and soil cover. The use of the catchment based hydrologic model KINEROS and the GIS AGWA tool provided data about peak rivers’ flows and the capability of different land cover types to “capture” and regulate some parts of the water. Based on spatial land cover units originating from CORINE and further data sets, these regulating ecosystem services were quantified and mapped. Resulting maps show the ecosystems’ flood regulating service capacities in the case study area of the Malki Iskar river basin above the town of Etropole in the northern part of Bulgaria. There, the number of severe flood events causing significant damages in the settlements and infrastructure has been increasing during the last few years. Maps of demands for flood regulating ecosystem services in the study region were compiled based on a digital elevation model, land use information and accessibility data. Finally, the flood regulating ecosystem service supply and demand data were merged in order to produce a map showing regional supply-demand balances. The resulting map of flood regulation supply capacities shows that the Etropole municipality's area has relatively high capacities for flood regulation. Areas of high and very high relevant capacities cover about 34% of the study area. The flood regulation ecosystem service demand map shows that areas of low or no relevant demands far exceed the areas of high and very high demands, which comprise only 0.6% of the municipality's area. According to the flood regulation supply-demand balance map, areas of high relevant demands are located in places of low relevant supply capacities. The results show that the combination of data from different sources with hydrological modeling provides a suitable data base for the assessment of complex function–service–benefit relations.