Acute injuries resulting from accidents involving powered mobility devices (PMDs)-Development and outcomes of PMD-related accidents in Sweden
Acute injuries resulting from accidents involving powered mobility devices (PMDs)-Development and outcomes of PMD-related accidents in Sweden
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DOI：
10.1080/15389588.2019.1606910
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发表时间：
2019-07-04
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Lundalv, Jorgen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlsson, Anna;Lundalv, Jorgen
目的：电动移动设备（PMD）通常用作老年人和残疾人的辅助工具，这些人是在交通安全环境中很少注意到的易受伤害的道路使用者（VRU）的亚组。然而，在许多国家，这些车辆已经变得越来越受欢迎，涉及PMD司机的事故问题已经报道，本研究的目的是提取和分析国家PMD相关的事故和伤害数据报告给瑞典交通事故数据采集（STRADA）数据库。结果将提供有价值的洞察PMD司机暴露在交通环境中的风险和障碍，并可能有助于改善这一群体的流动性在长期。方法：目前的研究是基于743起事故和998人的数据。对数据子集（N=301）进行分析，以调查10年内事故的发展情况。结果：2007- 2016年期间，向STRADA报告的PMD相关事故数量增加了3倍。关于单一事故、碰撞以及死亡，受伤统计数据以男性为主。单一事故比碰撞更常见（分别为N=427和N=316），每种类型事故的受伤程度相当。绝大多数单一事故是由于PMD驾驶员撞击地面（87%），或者是由于PMD翻转（71%），或者是由于驾驶员从PMD中掉出来（16%）。许多单一事故的原因是地面水平的差异汽车、卡车或公共汽车参与了67%的碰撞事件;这些事件主要发生在交叉路口或十字路口（70%）。在单一事故和碰撞事件中，简化伤害量表（AIS）3+伤害以髋关节和头部伤害为主。结论：目前的研究表明，需要进一步研究PMD事故，无论是单一的事故和碰撞事件。为确保作出适当的决定，今后的工作应跟踪伤害趋势，并进一步提高与PDM有关的事故数据的质量。改进车辆稳定性和设计，增加安全设备的使用，适当的培训计划，有效的维护服务，以及支持基础设施的发展将有助于提高PMD驾驶员的安全性。
Objective: Powered mobility devices (PMDs) are commonly used as aids for older people and people with disabilities, subgroups of vulnarable road users (VRUs) who are rarely noted in traffic safety contexts. However, the problem of accidents involving PMD drivers has been reported in many countries where these vehicles have become increasingly popular.The aim of this study is to extract and analyze national PMD-related accident and injury data reported to the Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition (STRADA) database. The results will provide valuable insight into the risks and obstacles that PMD drivers are exposed to in the traffic environment and may contribute to improving the mobility of this group in the long term.Methods: The current study is based on data from 743 accidents and 998 persons. An analysis was performed on a subset of data (N=301) in order to investigate the development of accidents over a period of 10 years. Thereafter, each accident in the whole data set was registered as either single (N=427) or collision (N=315).Results: The results show that there was a 3-fold increase in the number of PMD-related accidents reported to STRADA during the period 2007-2016.With regard to single accidents, collisions, as well as fatalities, the injury statistics were dominated by males. Single accidents were more common than collisions (N=427 and N=316, respectively) and the level of injury sustained in each type of accident is on par. The vast majority of single accidents resulted in the PMD driver impacting the ground (87%), due to either PMD turnover (71%) or the driver falling out of the PMD (16%). The reason for many of the single accidents was a difference in ground level (34%, typically a curb).Cars, trucks, or buses were involved in 67% of collision events; these occured predominantly at junctions or intersections (70%).Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 3+ injuries were dominated by hip and head injuries in both single accidents and collision events.Conclusions: The present study shows that further research on PMD accidents is required, with regard to both single accidents and collision events. To ensure that appropriate decisions are made, future work should follow up on injury trends and further improve the quality of PDM-related accident data. Improved vehicle stability and design, increased usage of safety equipment, proper training programs, effective maintenance services, and development of a supporting infrastructure would contribute to increased safety for PMD drivers.