Assessing the balance capabilities of people with profound intellectual disabilities who have experienced a fall
Assessing the balance capabilities of people with profound intellectual disabilities who have experienced a fall
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00873.x
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Littmann, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hale, L.;Bray, A.;Littmann, A.
背景虽然智力残疾（ID）的人跌倒是很常见的，但其原因尚未确定。本研究旨在探讨一个样本的平衡能力与深度ID的成年人谁经历了跌倒，以确定可能的原因，并确定潜在的测试，可用于量化的平衡能力，在这个populationgroup.Methods的神经肌肉系统和平衡能力的20名成年人与深度ID进行了全面评估与电池的测试，结果在20名参与者中，15名描述自己是经常跌倒者，10名参与者报告由于跌倒而严重受伤。对神经肌肉和平衡能力的正式评估被证明是具有挑战性的，许多参与者无法理解在一些测试中对他们的要求。所有参与者都被观察到有异常的行走模式。9名参与者完成了姿势图测试，其主要发现是，低运动控制综合评分表明对姿势扰动的运动反应减慢。其他潜在的危险因素包括并发的医疗问题，药物治疗，上下文和环境下降，运动冲动和分心，和视觉defictions.ConclusionWhy ID的人经常跌倒的原因显得复杂和多因素。需要进行更大规模的研究来验证本试点研究中确定的潜在风险因素。在物理治疗实践中常用的许多标准化结果测量，以量化平衡能力不适合在这个人群中使用，因为参与者发现很难理解对他们的要求。允许人员熟悉测试和测试人员可能有助于缓解此问题。录像和量化观察的策略，人们用来执行常见的运动，如步行或转身，可能是一个更合适的测量工具的平衡能力的人ID比目前的标准化措施。这种方法需要严格的发展。
Background Although it is common for people with intellectual disability (ID) to fall, the reasons for this have not yet been identified. This pilot study aimed to explore the balance capabilities of a sample of adults with profound ID who had experienced a fall, in order to identify possible reasons for falling and to identify potential tests that could be used to quantify balance capabilities in this population group.Methods The neuromuscular systems and balance capabilities of 20 adults with profound ID were comprehensively assessed with a battery of tests, including computerized posturography.Results Of the 20 participants, 15 described themselves as frequent fallers, and 10 participants reported serious injuries as a result of falling. Formalized assessment of the neuromuscular and balance capabilities proved to be challenging, with many participants unable to comprehend what was required of them in the performance of a number of the tests. All participants were observed to have an abnormal pattern of walking. Nine participants completed posturography testing, the main finding of which was that low motor control composite scores indicated a slowing of motor responses to postural perturbations. Other potential risk factors identified were concurrent medical problems, medication, the context and environment of falling, movement impulsiveness and distractibility, and visual deficits.Conclusion The reason why people with ID frequently fall appears complex and multifactorial. Larger studies are required to verify the potential risk factors identified in this pilot study. Many of the standardized outcome measures commonly used in physiotherapy practice to quantify balance capabilities are not suitable for use in this population group, as participants found it difficult to comprehend what was required of them. Allowing the person to become familiarized with both the test and the tester may help to alleviate this problem. Videotaping and quantifying observations of strategies people use to perform common movements such as walking or turning maybe a more appropriate measurement tool of balance capabilities of people with ID than current standardized measures. This method would require rigorous development.