Immediate and delayed effects of word frequency and word length on eye movements in reading: A reversed delayed effect of word length
Immediate and delayed effects of word frequency and word length on eye movements in reading: A reversed delayed effect of word length
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.34.3.726
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Rayner, Keith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pollatsek, Alexander;Reichle, Erik D.;Rayner, Keith
三个实验考察了改变形容词的频率和长度对句子阅读的影响：（a）对形容词的注视和（B）对接下来的名词的注视。低频形容词的注视时间长于高频形容词，长形容词的注视时间长于短形容词。这与溢出效应形成对比：当形容词频率较低时，名词上的凝视时间较长，但当形容词较长时，凝视时间实际上较短。后一种效应似乎很异常，可以用三种机制来解释：（a）由于目标不太理想，因此在短形容词之后对名词的注视不太理想;（B）较短的形容词更难处理，因为它们有更多的邻居;（c）跳过之前的先前注视对于提取副中央窝信息来说是不太有利的地方。这些假设的可行性作为解释这种反向长度效应的名词进行了检查，在模拟使用更新版本的E-Z阅读器模型（A。波拉切克湾Reichle，& E. D. Rayner，2006 c; E. D. Reichle，A. Pollatsek，D. L. Fisher，& K. Rayner，1998）。
Three experiments examined the effects in sentence reading of varying the frequency and length of an adjective on (a) fixations on the adjective and (b) fixations on the following noun. The gaze duration on the adjective was longer for low frequency than for high frequency adjectives and longer for long adjectives than for short adjectives. This contrasted with the spillover effects: Gaze durations on the noun were longer when adjectives were low frequency but were actually shorter when the adjectives were long. The latter effect, which seems anomalous, can be explained by three mechanisms: (a) Fixations on the noun are less optimal after short adjectives because of less optimal targeting; (b) shorter adjectives are more difficult to process because they have more neighbors; and (c) prior fixations before skips are less advantageous places to extract parafoveal information. The viability of these hypotheses as explanations of this reverse length effect on the noun was examined in simulations using an updated version of the E-Z Reader model (A. Pollatsek, K. Reichle, & E. D. Rayner, 2006c; E. D. Reichle, A. Pollatsek, D. L. Fisher, & K. Rayner, 1998).