Impaired neuropsychological functioning in lead-exposed children
Impaired neuropsychological functioning in lead-exposed children
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DOI：
10.1207/s15326942dn2601_8
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Cory-Slechta, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Canfield, RL;Gendle, MH;Cory-Slechta, DA
对参与低水平铅暴露纵向研究的 174 名儿童进行了神经心理功能评估。在 5(1)/(2) 岁时，儿童接受了剑桥神经心理学测试自动电池组的工作记忆和计划电池组。使用家庭社会人口特征、产前和围产期风险、家庭护理质量和拥挤程度以及母婴智力作为协变量来检验以下假设：终生平均血铅浓度较高的儿童在工作记忆、注意力灵活性、计划和问题解决能力测试中表现较差。该样本的终生平均血铅水平为 7.2 微克/分升 (mug/dL；范围：0-20 mug/dL)。接触越多的孩子在执行过程测试中表现越差。在双变量和多变量分析中，终生平均血铅浓度较高的儿童在空间工作记忆、空间记忆广度、维度内和维度外转换以及伦敦塔任务的类似测试中表现出较差的表现。除了其他协变量之外，在控制了儿童智力测试分数后，许多显着的关联仍然存在。这些发现表明，儿科铅暴露的影响不仅限于一般智力功能的整体指数，而且执行过程可能面临铅引起的神经毒性的特定风险。
Neuropsychological functions were assessed in 174 children participating in a longitudinal study of low-level lead exposure. At age 5(1)/(2) years, children were administered the Working Memory and Planning Battery of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery. Measures of sociodemographic characteristics of the family, prenatal and perinatal risk, quality of caregiving and crowding in the home, and maternal and child intelligence were used as covariates to test the hypothesis that children with higher lifetime average blood lead concentrations would perform more poorly on tests of working memory, attentional flexibility, and planning and problem solving. The lifetime average blood lead level in this sample was 7.2 micrograms per deciliter (mug/dL; range: 0-20 mug/dL). Children with greater exposure performed more poorly on tests of executive processes. In both bivariate and multivariate analyses, children with higher lifetime average blood lead concentrations showed impaired performance on the tests of spatial working memory, spatial memory span, intradimensional and extradimensional shifts, and an analog of the Tower of London task. Many of the significant associations remained after controlling for children's intelligence test scores, in addition to the other covariates. These findings indicate that the effects of pediatric lead exposure are not restricted to global indexes of general intellectual functioning, and executive processes may be at particular risk of lead-induced neurotoxicity.