The Composite Fermion: A Quantum Particle and Its Quantum Fluids
The Composite Fermion: A Quantum Particle and Its Quantum Fluids
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复合费米子：量子粒子及其量子流体
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Jain
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Jain
新粒子的发现通常与凝聚态物理无关，因为在某种程度上，我们已经知道了进入哈密顿量的所有粒子——即电子和离子。但这是自然界最深刻的事实，也是物理学能够在许多不同层面上取得进展的原因，即强相互作用的粒子会自我重组，成为一种新的弱耦合粒子。它们通常是旧粒子的简单束缚态。但有时它们是非常复杂的集体物体（例如，孤子），尽管如此，它们的行为却像合法的粒子一样，具有明确定义的电荷、自旋、统计和我们赋予粒子的其他属性。
Discovery of new particles is not usually associated with condensed matter physics, because, at one level, we already know all the particles that go into the Hamiltonian—namely, electrons and ions. But it is a most profound fact of nature—indeed the very reason why physics can make progress at many different levels—that strongly interacting particles reorganize themselves to become more weakly coupled particles of a new kind. Often they are simple bound states of the old particles. But sometimes they are fantastically complicated collective objects (for example, solitons) that nonetheless behave as legitimate particles, with well‐defined charge, spin, statistics, and other properties we attribute to particles.